果蔗矿质养分含量及品质指标差异稳定性分析  

Differences Stability Analysis of Mineral Nutrient Content and Quality Index of Chewing Sugarcane

作　　者：杨绍林 邓军[1] 李如丹[1] 樊仙[1] 全怡吉 张跃彬[1] 刀静梅[1] YANG Shaolin;DENG Jun;LI Rudan;FAN Xian;QUAN Yiji;ZHANG Yuebin;DAO Jingmei(Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science/Yunnan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement,Kaiyuan,Yunnan 661600,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所/云南省甘蔗遗传改良重点实验室,云南开远661600

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2021年第1期92-101,共10页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家特色农产品质量安全风险评估专项(No.GJFP2019020);国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFD0201100);国家现代农业产业技术体系(糖料)建设专项(No.CARS-17)。

摘　　要：果蔗含有丰富的糖分、纤维分、水分、矿质元素、氨基酸等,这些成分指标受环境条件与品种因素的影响。本文分析了我国主栽的2个果蔗品种的矿质养分含量及品质指标在不同蔗区之间的差异。于果蔗成熟期,分别在广东、广西、云南、海南4个甘蔗主产区,选取在我国具有代表性的2个果蔗品种(‘Badila’和‘粤糖54-474’)为材料,对其主要矿质元素含量(N、P、K、Ca、Fe、Mn、Zn、Cu)和品质(糖度、纤维分、简纯度、还原糖、水分)的差异性和相关性进行了分析。结果显示,当蔗区改变时,甘蔗对N、P、K吸收转化的稳定性为:K>P>N;对中微量元素吸收转化的稳定性为:Mg>Ca、Cu、Fe>Mn、Zn;品质指标的稳定性为:糖度>水分含量、出汁率>还原糖分、纤维分、简纯度。N与K、蔗汁糖度、简纯度之间,Mn与Cu、Zn,Fe与Zn,蔗汁糖度与简纯度之间呈极显著正相关;N、K与还原糖分,Ca与Mn,Mn与糖度,纤维分与水分含量,蔗汁糖度、简纯度与水分之间呈极显著负相关;P与出汁率,Ca与蔗汁糖度,Mg与水分含量,Zn与Cu,Mn与Cu,纤维分与出汁率之间呈显著正相关;P与Mg、Cu之间,Ca与Cu,Mg、Fe与纤维分,Zn与出汁率,Mn与简纯度之间为显著负相关关系。研究表明,同类型数量性状指标之间的稳定性存在一定的差异,K、Mg含量,蔗汁糖度指标在环境变化时表现最为稳定,品种、基因型能表现出其相应性状指标的种性优势;其次是P、Ca、Cu、Fe含量,水分含量、出汁率;而受环境影响最大的是N、Mn、Zn含量,还原糖分、纤维分、简纯度。相似数量性状指标可按环境效应和基因效应对其影响程度分为“环境效应优势型数量性状”“环境效应和基因效应对等型数量性状”和“基因效应优势型数量性状”3类。Chewing cane is rich in sugar,fiber,water,mineral elements,amino acids etc.The components of sugarcane are effected by environmental conditions and cultivars.In this study,the differences of mineral nutrient content and quality indexes between two varieties of chewing cane planted in China were analyzed.The correlation and difference of mineral elements(N,P,K,Ca,Fe,Mn,Zn,Cu),and quality indexes(fiber content,apparent purity,reducing sugar,water content)between the samples of‘Badila’and‘Yuetang54-474’from four main sugarcane producing areas(Guangdong,Guangxi,Yunnan and Hainan)were analyzed.The stability of absorption amount of sugarcane to N,P and K was K>P>N,that to the medium and trace elements was Mg>Ca,Cu,Fe>Mn and Zn,that to the quality indexes was sugar content>water content,juice yield>reduced sugar,fiber content,apparent purity.There was an extremely significant positive correlation between N,K,sucrose content,apparent purity;and between Mn with Cu,Zn,Fe,Zn,reduced sugar and apparent purity.There was an extremely significant negative correlation between N,K with reduced sugar,Ca and Mn,Mn and sugar content,fiber content and water content,sugar content,apparent purity with water content.There was a significant positive correlation between P and juice yield,Ca and sugar content,Mg and water content,Zn and Cu,Mn and Cu,and fiber content and juice yield.There was a significant negative correlation between P,Mg,Cu,Ca and Cu,Mg,Fe,fiber content,Zn and juice yield,Mn and apparent purity.The results suggest that there was a certain difference in stability among the same type of quantitative characters,the content of K,Mg and sucrose content was the most stable quantitative character of sugarcane when the environment changed,the variety or genotype showed the genetic superiority of the corresponding traits.The content of P,Ca,Cu,Fe content,moisture content,juice yield was less stable.The content of N,Mn,Zn,reducing sugar,fiber content,simple purity was most affected by the environment.According to the influ

关 键 词：甘蔗 相似数量性状 性状差异稳定性 环境效应 基因效应 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学]