基于CHARLS数据中老年人口腔卫生服务利用现状及影响因素分析  

Status and influencing factors of oral health service utilization among middle-aged and elderly residents:an analysis on CHARLS data

作　　者：叶海春 李丽[1] YE Hai-chun;LI Li(Nanjing Stomatological Hospital,Medical School of Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学医学院附属口腔医院南京市口腔医院,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2021年第1期19-23,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：江苏省南京市卫生科技发展项目(YKK18125)。

摘　　要：目的调查中国中老年人口腔卫生服务利用现状,并分析其影响因素,为提高居民口腔卫生服务利用率提供指导。方法选取中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2015年数据,对中国≥45岁20837名中老年人的口腔卫生服务利用现状进行分析,采用logit回归和tobit回归模型探究影响口腔卫生服务利用的因素。结果20837名被调查者在过去1年内没有看过牙的有17244人(82.76%),看过牙的有3593人(17.24%)。所有被调查者中,平均看牙次数是(0.44±1.57)次。logit回归结果显示,中老年女性(OR=1.165,95%CI=1.068~1.270)、个体年龄在60~74岁(OR=1.186,95%CI=1.082~1.300)、大专及以上学历(OR=1.367,95%CI=1.100~1.698)、参与社交活动(OR=1.292,95%CI=1.187~1.407)、看牙满意度为有些不满(OR=1.301,95%CI=1.109~1.526)及很不满(OR=1.518,95%CI=1.264~1.823)、患有慢性病(OR=1.125,95%CI=1.032~1.227)是口腔卫生服务利用的促进因素,农业户口(OR=0.788,95%CI=0.700~0.888)、农村地区(OR=0.888,95%CI=0.796~0.990)是口腔卫生服务利用的阻碍因素。tobit回归结果与logit基本一致,但居住地区对看牙次数无显著影响。结论中国中老年人口腔卫生服务利用率低,且在不同特征的人群中存在差异性。应增强口腔保健意识,优化口腔医疗卫生资源配置,提高口腔卫生服务利用率。Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors for the utilization of oral health services(UOHS)among middle-aged and elderly residents in China and to provide references for promoting the utilization of oral health services in the populations.Methods The information on UOHS among 20837 residents aged 45 years and above were extracted from the data of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS)conducted in 28 provincial level regions across China during 2015.Logit and tobit regression model were adopted to explore influencing factors for UOHS.Results Only 3593(17.24%)of the participants reported visiting a dentist during previous one year and the average annual person-time of dental visits was 0.44±1.57 for all the participants.The results of logit regression analysis revealed that the participants with following charaters were more likely to have UOHS:female gender(odds ratio[OR]=1.165,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:1.068-1.270),aged 60-74 years(OR=1.186,95%CI:1.082-1.300),with the education of college or above(OR=1.367,95%CI:1.100-1.698),participation in social activities(OR=1.292,95%CI:1.187-1.407),being somewhat and very unsatisfactory to dental service received(OR=1.301,95%CI:1.109-1.526 and OR=1.518,95%CI:1.264-1.823),and suffering from a chronic disease(OR=1.125,95%CI:1.032-1.227);while those with rural household registration(OR=0.788,95%CI:0.700-0.888)and living in rural areas(OR=0.888,95%CI:0.796-0.990)were less likely to have UOHS.Conclusion The utilization of oral health services is low among middle-aged and elderly residents in China and varies among different resident groups.Relevant departments should enhance education on oral health care among the residents and optimize the allocation of oral health resources for improving the utilization of oral health services.

关 键 词：中老年人 口腔卫生服务利用 现状 影响因素 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]