欧李种质遗传多样性及其多用途品种定向选育策略  

Germplasm Genetic Diversity and Directional Breeding Strategy of Multipurpose Varieties in Cerasus humilis

作　　者：李卫东[1,2] 崔清宇 郭嫦娥 魏胜利[1,2] 王占军[3] LI Wei-dong;CUI Qing-yu;GUO Chang-e;WEI Sheng-li;WANG Zhan-jun(School of Chinese Materia Medica,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 102488,China;Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice for Chinese Crude Drugs,Ministry of Education,Beijing 102488,China;Institute of Desertification Control,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学中药学院,北京102488 [2]中药材规范化生产教育部工程研究中心,北京102488 [3]宁夏农林科学院荒漠化治理研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2020年第12期2039-2042,共4页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BBF02027);新加坡国际合作课题(2019110031002573)。

摘　　要：多用途是药用植物资源的普遍现象。欧李是多用途药用植物的典型代表,果实可食用,具有保健价值;种仁郁李仁润燥通便,具有药用价值;花似樱花,具有观赏价值;根系发达可固沙变土,具有生态价值。多年研究表明,欧李种质遗传多样性丰富,可从果用型、仁用型、观赏型、生态型等方面进行欧李多用途品种定向选育。但目前欧李定向选育中仍存在问题,需要从野生资源保护、多方法选种育种、不同变异类型的筛选与评价研究、植物新品种保护和良种申报及审定工作等多方面加强,从而进一步促进欧李产业的发展,加强欧李多品种定向选育。Chinese dwarf cherry Cerasus humilis is a typical example of the multipurpose of medicinal plants.As an endemic species of China,the fruit of Chinese dwarf cherry is seemed as a healthy food,while the seed is the main source of traditional Chinese medicine,Yuliren,which have embellish aperient bowel function.Cherry blossom-like flower is of great ornamental value.Moreover,the root system could fix sand and transform soil,which has a strong ecological function.These uses and development potential are closely related to their characters of fruit,kernel,flower and root,respectively.Moreover,the rich genetic diversity of Chinese dwarf cherry germplasm provides the possibility for targeted selection of multipurpose varieties,from the aspects of fruit-use,kernel-use,ornamental-use and ecological-use.However there still exit some challenges in directional breeding of Chinese dwarf cherry.Therefore,the prospect of wild plant resource protection,mutation increasing by multiple methods,screening and evaluation of mutation types,new varieties protection and fine varieties validation are also discussed.

关 键 词：多用途 欧李 品种 定向选育 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]