东亚和西方高校外语教育规划的研究与实践  

A Comparative Study of Eastern and Western Foreign Language Education Planning in Higher Education

作　　者：程京艳[1] Cheng Jingyan

机构地区：[1]北京信息科技大学外国语学院,北京100192

出　　处：《语言战略研究》2021年第2期14-23,共10页Chinese Journal of Language Policy and Planning

基　　金：2020年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“外语教育规划评估体系构建探究”(20YJAZH018)。

摘　　要：西方国家宏观外语教育政策一般只涵盖外语课程标准和测试标准,高校拥有较大自主权,其微观外语教育政策在内容与目标上不一定与国家宏观政策一致;而东亚国家宏观外语教育政策一般比较全面且具强制性,高校往往注重对宏观政策的执行。受语言政策研究范式的影响,西方研究比较关注“人”,即不同层面政策相关主体的语言信念、语言实践及其产生的主观能动作用,未来的研究会更深入地探索高校外语教育政策形成与实施过程,不同政策主体的主观能动作用及其与语言管理的有机结合,如何引导公众的外语认知能力,以及如何从语言管理的角度分析外语教育的方方面面等;在东亚高校虽然对宏观政策的分析执行以及重大语言问题的研究仍占主导地位,但在后现代主义的影响下,围绕着不同政策主体的语言信念、态度和主观能动性的微观实证研究也已逐渐兴起。宏观、中观和微观层面的外语教育规划研究是一个整体,在关注宏观政策的同时亟待加强微观层面实证研究。研究者作为学术性政策的研究主体,需与决策者角色区别开来,才能提升研究的客观性和可信度。The past two decades have witnessed a rapid development of research on foreign language education planning(FLEP)in the East and the West.This study compares current practice and research of foreign language education planning in some western countries and East Asia.The comparison shows that universities in western countries are entitled to establishing their own FLEP which is not necessarily in line with macro government policies.In marked contrast,universities in highly centralized education systems of East Asia are more concerned with the implementation of top-down macro policy.Secondly,current research in some western nations mainly focuses on the stakeholders’language practice,belief and agency.In the future,more research is supposed to be conducted on the process of FLEP formation and implementation in universities,the agency of different stakeholders and the analysis of language education from the perspective of language management,etc.Thirdly,although present FLEP studies in East Asia are still dominated by interpretation/implementation of macro policy and major language problems,micro empirical studies on agency in FLEP are gradually receiving researchers’attention under the growing infl uence of postmodernism.The implications are that micro-level empirical studies and Chinese researchers’self-positioning should be given more prominence in FLEP research in China.

关 键 词：外语教育规划 语言政策 宏观政策 微观政策 西方与东亚比较 

分 类 号：H002[语言文字—语言学]