廿二碳六烯酸联合有氧运动干预对轻度认知功能障碍模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响及其机制  

Effect and its mechanism of docosahexaenoic acid combined with aerobic exercise on learning and memory ability of mice with mild Cognitive impairment

作　　者：方侃[1] 吕光辉 汪新体[1] 艾志兵[1] 王启斌[1] FANG Kan;LV Guanghui;WANG Xinti;AI Zhibing;WANG Qibin(Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, Hubei, China)

机构地区：[1]湖北医药学院附属太和医院,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《现代中西医结合杂志》2021年第5期474-478,492,共6页Modern Journal of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

基　　金：2018年十堰市科学技术研究与开发立项项目(18Y36)。

摘　　要：目的探讨廿二碳六烯酸(DHA)联合有氧运动干预对轻度认知功能障碍模型小鼠学习记忆能力的影响及其机制。方法选取健康、雄性16月龄昆明小鼠100只,按数字表法随机分为对照组、模型组、有氧运动组、DHA组、联合组各20只。除对照组外,其余组采用腹腔注射D-半乳糖和灌服三氯化铝4周方法复制轻度认知障碍模型。造模成功后,对有氧运动组、DHA组、联合组小鼠分别实施有氧运动、DHA、有氧运动联合DHA干预4周。观察各组小鼠行为学变化,检测海马组织中氧化应激指标[超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)及丙二醛(MDA)]水平、胆碱乙酰转移酶(ChAT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性及β淀粉样蛋白42(Aβ42)和磷酸化Tau蛋白(P-tau)含量,并用改良Bielschowsky神经染色液染色观察海马组织的病理变化。结果与模型组比较,有氧运动组、DHA组、联合组逃避潜伏期缩短,穿越原平台位置次数增加,空间探索时间百分比在目标象限提高而在对立象限降低,海马组织中SOD、GSH-Px、ChAT活性升高而MDA水平、AChE活性及Aβ42、P-tau含量降低,且联合组变化最明显,DHA组次之,有氧运动组再次之,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05);联合组上述指标与对照组比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。银染显示模型组海马CA1区锥体细胞稍稀疏、核固缩,神经原纤维肿胀、深染、模糊,未见Aβ斑或老年斑和神经原纤维缠结;有氧运动组、DHA组海马CA1区锥体细胞密度下降、核固缩、神经原纤维肿胀等现象改善;联合组海马CA1区锥体细胞排列有序,神经原纤维清晰。结论DHA联合有氧运动干预可以通过抑制氧化应激等机制明显提高轻度认知功能障碍模型小鼠的学习记忆能力。Objective It is to investigate the effect and its mechanism of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)combined with aerobic exercise on learning and memory ability of mice with mild cognitive impairment.Methods 100 healthy male kunming mice aged 16 months were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups according to the number table method:control group,model group,aerobic exercise group,DHA group and combination group,each group had 20 mice.Except for the control group,the other groups were injected intraperitoneally with D-galactose and gavaged with aluminum trichloride for 4 weeks to replicate the mild cognitive impairment model.After successful modeling,the mice in the aerobic exercise group,DHA group and combination group were respectively treated with aerobic exercise,DHA,and aerobic exercise plus DHA for 4 weeks.The behavioral changes of the mice in each group were observed.The levels of oxidative stress index[superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)and malondialdehyde(MDA)],the activities of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)and acetylcholinesterase(AChE),and the contents ofβ-amyloid 42(Aβ42)and phosphorylated Tau protein(P-tau)in the hippocampus were detected.Modified Bielschowsky nerve staining solution staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the hippocampus.Results Compared with the model group,the escape latency of aerobic exercise group,DHA group and combination group was shortened,the times of crossing the original platform position was increased,and the percentage of space exploration time was increased in the target quadrant but decreased in the opposite quadrant.In addition,the activities of SOD,GSH-Px and ChAT in the hippocampus of the latter three groups were increased,while the MDA level,AChE activity and the contents of Aβ42 and P-tau were decreased,and the changes were the most significant in the combination group,followed by the DHA group and the aerobic exercise group,the differences were significant(all P<0.05).There was no statistical significance in the above indexes

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 廿二碳六烯酸 有氧运动 轻度认知功能障碍 学习记忆 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生]