从民事单行法到《民法典》:守成与创新  

From Separate Civil Law to Civil Code:Preservation and Innovation

作　　者：温世扬[1] 李运达 Wen Shiyang;Li Yunda

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《江西社会科学》2020年第12期134-147,256,共15页Jiangxi Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“人格标识的利用与保护研究”(20BFX105);中南财经政法大学研究生创新项目“自然人身体利益民法保护研究”(202010529)。

摘　　要：我国《民法典》的编纂是对民事单行法进行"扬弃"的过程。我国民事立法虽受潘德克顿观念影响而继受以德国为主的大陆法系的立法体例,但基于历史惯性、社会现实、体系因应、伦理观念等原因,我国《民法典》的立法体例、物权主体、合同效力、人格权利类型、亲等制度、继承顺位及多数人侵权制度等明显具有守成的一面;而社会变革、交易保护、政策调整、价值协调等因素则决定民法典各编在权利体系、交易与担保规则、未成年利益保护与财产分配、权利保障与责任承担等方面具有更多的创新。本次民法典编纂的守成与创新,相当程度上系基于我国实践经验,其实用主义的立法态度值得肯定,亦将成为我国社会发展之佐证。The compilation of China’s civil code is the process of sublating the civil law.Although influenced by Pandekten’s concept and based on the continental law system mainly in Germany,China’s civil legislation continues to be show its preservative aspects obviously based on historical inertia,social reality,system response,ethical concepts especially in legislative style,subject of real right,validity of contract,type of personality rights,degree of kinship,order of succession,and multiple tortfeasors.Other factors such as the social reform,protection of transaction,adjustment of policy and value coordination determine that the civil code has more innovations in the rights system,rules of transaction and guarantee,protection of minor interests and property distribution,protection of rights and responsibilities.The preservation and innovation of this compilation of civil code is based on the practical experience of China to a certain extent.The legislative attitude of pragmatism is worthy of affirmation,and it will also be the evidence of the social development of China.

关 键 词：民法典 民商合一 物权变动 人格赋权 债法 

分 类 号：D923.1[政治法律—民商法学]