添加油菜籽饼粕对茶树菇菌渣高温堆肥进程的影响  

Effect of Rapeseed Cake Addition on High Temperature Compost Process of Agrocybe cylindracea Dreg

作　　者：陈绪涛 戴朝阳 孙鹏 胡文君 胡佳 王洪秀[1] 姚健[1] 魏云辉[1] CHEN Xu-tao;DAI Chao-yang;SUN Peng;HU Wen-jun;HU Jia;WANG Hong-xiu;YAO Jian;WEI Yun-hui(Institute of Applied Agricultural Microorganism,Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanchang 330200,China;College of Bioscience and Bioengineering,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Gaoan Public Inspection and Testing Center,Gaoan 330800,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院农业应用微生物研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西农业大学生物科学与工程学院,江西南昌330045 [3]江西省高安市公共检验检测中心,江西高安330800

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2021年第2期60-64,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家食用菌产业技术体系(CARS-20);江西省重点研发计划项目(20161ACF60024)。

摘　　要：以茶树菇菌渣和油菜籽饼粕为原料进行高温好氧堆肥发酵试验,研究了油菜籽饼粕添加量对茶树菇菌渣堆肥过程中各种理化指标的影响。试验结果表明:在茶树菇菌渣中添加适量的油菜籽饼粕进行高温堆肥发酵,有利于加快堆体的升温速度,提高堆体的最高温度,升高堆体的pH值,增大堆体的电导率(EC),降低堆体的C/N。在4个处理中,以C2处理的效果最佳:在堆肥进程中50℃以上高温持续8 d;发酵结束时pH值为8.48,符合腐熟要求;EC值为1746μs/cm,在敏感植物忍受的EC值4000μs/cm以下;水分下降率最大,达14.4%;碳氮比(C/N)为15.61,满足C/N为16以下的理论腐熟要求;总有机碳和总氮含量最高,分别为27.17%和1.74%;总有机碳和总氮含量增幅最高,分别增加了26.49%和59.63%。因此,茶树菇菌渣高温好氧堆肥的最佳配比为80%茶树菇菌渣+20%油菜籽饼粕。The experiment of high temperature aerobic compost was carried out with mushroom dreg and rapeseed cake as raw materials.The effects of different contents of rapeseed cake on physicochemical indexes in the compost process were studied.The experimental results showed that adding an appropriate amount of rapeseed cake into the mushroom dreg for high temperature com⁃posting would accelerate the heating rate of the heap,increase the maximum temperature of the heap,increase the pH value of the heap,increase the EC value of the heap and reduce the C/N of the heap.In 4 treatments,the C2 treatment group was the best,and the high temperature above 50℃lasted for 8 days during the composting process.The pH value at the end of composting was 8.48,which met the requirements of rotting.The EC value was 1746μs/cm,which was less than 4000μs/cm for sensitive plants.The maximum moisture reduction rate was 14.4%.C/N was 15.61,which met the theoretical decay requirement of C/N below 16.The total organic carbon and nitrogen content were the highest,which were 27.17%and 1.74%,respectively.The total organic carbon and total nitrogen increased by 26.49%and 59.63%,respectively.In conclusion,the optimal ratio of high temper⁃ature aerobic compost of mushroom dreg was 80%mushroom dreg+20%rapeseed cake.

关 键 词：茶树菇 菌渣 堆肥 理化指标 配比 油菜籽饼粕 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]