某中空长航时无人机机载浮标分离安全性研究  

Safety Research on Release of Airborne Buoy Based on a Medium Altitude and Long-endurance(MALE)UAV

作　　者：孙凯军[1] 付义伟[1] 陆冬平 陈著 汪洋[1] SUN Kaijun;FU Yiwei;LU Dongping;CHEN Zhu;WANG Yang(Caihong UAV Technology Co.,Ltd.,China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China;China Academy of Electronics and Information Technology,China Electronics Technology Group Corporation,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院彩虹无人机科技有限公司,北京100074 [2]中国电子科技集团有限公司中国电子科学研究院,北京100043

出　　处：《航空工程进展》2021年第1期56-63,共8页Advances in Aeronautical Science and Engineering

摘　　要：研究机载浮标投放过程中气动干扰特性及浮标运动规律,对机载浮标安全投放方案的设计具有重要意义。采用计算流体力学方法对机载浮标投放过程进行数值模拟。通过动态嵌套网格技术模拟浮标运动,结合刚体六自由度运动方程求解三维非定常N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程,模拟基于察/打一体无人机平台的浮标自由投放过程,获得详细的包括浮标运动姿态、运动轨迹和受力情况等在内的数据信息;通过算例,验证本文数值模拟程序的准确性。结果表明:浮标投放过程中,轻质浮标口盖自由分离会对螺旋桨后推式无人机的安全性造成重大影响;考虑浮标口盖固连在浮标降落伞上的状态下,初速度为0 m/s时投放浮标整体(包含浮标、降落伞、口盖)离螺旋桨最近距离为0.151 m,安全余量不够;初速度为1.8 m/s时投放浮标整体离螺旋桨最近距离为0.671 m,满足投放安全性要求。It is of great significance to study the aerodynamic interference characteristics and the motion law of the airborne buoy during the launching process for the design of the safe launching scheme of the airborne buoy.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods are used to simulate the release process of airborne buoy in reconnaissance and strike integrated unmanned aerial vehicle(R/S UAV).A dynamic chimera grid approach is used and coupled with 6-DOF movement equations to solve the unsteady N-S(Navier-Stokes)equations.The time-dependent interference between the stationary and moving boundaries is captured.All major parameters,such as displacement,angular orientations and force,and their change trends are obtained.The results show that free separation of buoy cover will have a significant impact on the safety of UAV during the release process of airborne buoy.Considering the state of the buoy cover attached to the buoy parachute,the closest range of buoy from the propeller is 0.151 m when the initial speed is 0 m/s,the safety margin is not enough;however,the closest range of buoy from the propeller is 0.671 m when the initial speed is 1.8 m/s,the safety margin is enough.

关 键 词：无人机 计算流体力学 非定常流动 运动嵌套网格 外挂物投放 气动干扰 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程] V279