以画法入诗法:闻一多的诗画关系论  

Bringing the Drawing Methods into the Poetry Rules:Wen Yiduo’s Discussion on the Relationship Between Poetry and Painting

作　　者：郭明乐 GUO Ming-le(School of Literature,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学文学院,天津300071

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2021年第1期96-103,共8页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

摘　　要：传统的诗画关系论多以中国古典诗学与画学为主,而闻一多接受了系统的西方美术教育,其美术思想与中国传统画论有着显著区别,他所说的"美术"是以绘画为核心的广义概念。他在一系列文艺评论中对绘画、雕刻、文字(书法)以及诗歌等不同艺术形式进行辨析,认为绘画必须要表现形体美。闻一多认为诗与画是两种不同的艺术形式,二者的摹仿方式和表现对象皆有不同。但专业的美术学习深刻影响其诗学思想,他对诗歌与绘画进行融通思考,以画法入诗法,提出诗歌的"绘画美"和"建筑美",在新诗创作中大量运用表示色彩的词汇,并从视觉审美角度深入探讨诗歌的节奏与格律,力求实现诗画艺术的会通。此外,闻一多将诗画融通应用于出版物的封面设计,认为艺术要反映现实与生活,强调艺术的社会功用。Traditional discussions on the relationship between poetry and painting are mainly about Chinese classical poetry and painting.Since Wen Yiduo received the systematic education of Western art,his artistic thoughts showed a significant difference from the traditional Chinese painting theory.What he called the"fine art"is a broad concept centered on painting.In a series of articles about literary criticism,he distinguishes and analyzes the different art forms,such as painting,carving,writing(calligraphy)and poetry,and believes that the ultimate goal of painting is to express the physical beauty.Wen Yiduo holds that poetry and painting are two different forms of art,and their imitation methods and objects of expression are different.However,the professional learning of art deeply influences his poetic thoughts.While integrating poetry with painting and"bringing the drawing methods into the poetry rules",he proposes the"painting beauty"and"architectural beauty"of poetry.In his creation of new poems,a large number of words that express colors are selected and the poetic rhythm and meter deeply explored from the view of visual aesthetic so as to achieve the integration of poetry and painting.In addition,Wen Yiduo applies the fusion of poetry and painting into the design of publication cover,believing that art should reflect reality and life while emphasizing the social function of art.

关 键 词：闻一多 美术观 绘画美 建筑美 诗画融通 

分 类 号：G122[文化科学] I206.6[文学—中国文学]