大质量双黑洞并合及其探测  

The merger of binary massive black holes and the detection capability with TianQin

作　　者：胡一鸣 吴庆文[3] 雷卫华 王炎[3] 汪洋 艾艳丽 申荣锋 邹远川 刘尚飞[1] 林伟鹏 范霄 冯文凡 王海天[5] 梅健伟 HU Yiming;WU Qingwen;LEI Weihua;WANG Yan;WANG Yang;AI Yanli;SHEN Rongfeng;ZOU Yuanchuan;LIU Shangfei;LIN Weipeng;FAN Xiao;FENG Wenfan;WANG Haitian;MEI Jianwei(School of Physics and Astronomy,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;MOE Key Laboratory of TianQin Mission,TianQin Research Center for Gravitational Physics,Frontiers Science Center for TianQin,CNSA Research Center for Gravitational Waves,Sun Yat-sen University(Zhuhai Campus),Zhuhai 519082,China;School of Physics,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;School of Engineering Physics,Shenzhen Technology University,Shenzhen 518118,China;Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Science,Nanjing 210033,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学物理与天文学院,广东珠海519082 [2]“天琴计划”教育部重点实验室,中山大学天琴中心,天琴前沿科学中心,国家航天局引力波研究中心,广东珠海519082 [3]华中科技大学物理学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]深圳技术大学工程物理学院,广东深圳518118 [5]紫金山天文台,江苏南京210033

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期20-30,共11页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：广东省基础与应用基础重大项目(2019B030302001);国家自然科学基金(U1931203,11703098)。

摘　　要：观测表明在正常星系和活动星系核中一般存在一个百万到数十亿太阳质量的超大质量黑洞和大量的恒星级质量黑洞。同时,中等质量黑洞存在的证据也初露端倪。在宇宙形成后的几亿年内,观测发现一些超大质量黑洞就达到了百亿个太阳质量,这些超大质量黑洞的形成和增长过程仍然是一个谜。在星系形成的等级结构模型中,小星系通过不断的并合形成越来越大的星系,其星系中心的黑洞也经历着并合和吸积过程,逐渐形成今天观测到的不同红移处的超大质量黑洞。本文主要对黑洞基本特征、当前主要观测结果、中等质量黑洞候选体、种子黑洞以及超大质量黑洞与星系关系等做一个简单的综述,并对天琴对宇宙中大质量双黑洞的探测能力进行评估。对于这些大质量双黑洞引力波的分析,将可以有效帮助我们认识宇宙中大质量黑洞的特性以及超大质量黑洞的形成和演化历史。Observations have shown that at the center of most galaxy there is a supermassive black hole of millions to billions solar masses,together with a large amount of stellar mass black holes.At the same time,evidence of the existence of intermediate-mass black holes is also emerging.Within hundreds of millions of years after the formation of the universe,some supermassive black holes reached tens of billions of solar masses.The formation and growth of these supermassive black holes is still a mystery.In the hierarchical structure model of galaxy formation,small galaxies are constantly merging to form larger and larger galaxies,and the black holes at the center of galaxies also undergo a process of merger and accretion,gradually forming supermassive black holes at different redshifts.This article summarizes the basic characteristics of black holes,current observation results,intermediate-mass black hole candidates,seed black holes,and the relationship between supermassive black holes and galaxies.The detection capability with the TianQin observatory is also evaluated.The analysis of the gravitational waves of these massive black hole binaries will greatly help us to understand the characteristics of massive black holes in the universe and the history of formation and evolution of supermassive black holes.

关 键 词：星系 超大质量黑洞 双黑洞 引力波 

分 类 号：P145.8[天文地球—天体物理]