长三角地区港口腹地范围演化及其影响机制  

Evolution and mechanism of port hinterland in Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：康译之 何丹[1,2] 高鹏[1] 孙志晶 KANG Yizhi;HE Dan;GAO Peng;SUN Zhijing(The Center for Modem Chinese City Studies,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;School of Urban&Regional Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国现代城市研究中心,上海200062 [2]华东师范大学城市与区域科学学院,上海200241

出　　处：《地理研究》2021年第1期138-151,共14页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(41471138);国家留学基金委项目(201706145003);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(17JJD790007);华东师范大学2019年优秀博士研究生学术能力提升项目(YBNLTS2019-032)。

摘　　要：本文尝试将海港和内河港的腹地范围演化纳入统一的研究框架。运用场强模型划分2001年、2008年和2016年长三角主要海港和内河港口的直接腹地范围,分析其演化特征,总结演化最显著的两大龙头港口——上海港和宁波港的腹地演化影响机制。结果表明:①港口场强分布特征是以三大海港为龙头形成三大高场强集聚区。②港口直接腹地演化最明显的特征是宁波港扩张的腹地范围基本来自上海港收缩的腹地范围。③上海港的直接腹地范围不断被宁波港袭夺是因为上海港通过市场主导和行政协调的机制,扩展了沿着长江布局的内河港口群水水中转的间接腹地,而非直接陆地腹地;相反,宁波港主要依靠行政机制和逐渐强化的市场力量,使直接陆地腹地范围逐渐延展到浙江全省。This study attempts to integrate the hinterland evolution of seaports and inland ports into a unified research framework.The field strength model is used to divide the direct hinterland scope of the main seaports and inland ports in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)in 2001,2008 and 2016.Afterward,this study analyzes the evolution characteristics,and summarizes the hinterland evolution influence mechanism of the two leading ports with the most significant evolution-Shanghai port and Ningbo port.The research outcomes reveal that:(1)There are significant differences in the comprehensive influence and traffic accessibility of each port,and there are also changes in their ranking.(2)Due to the port cluster of YRD involving seaports and inland ports,the high value areas of field strength are concentrated in Shanghai,Ningbo and Lianyungang ports.(3)Significant difference is found in the scope of direct hinterland,but the overall spatial pattern shows no great change.The most dramatic change is that the expanding hinterland scope of Ningbo port basically comes from the shrinking hinterland scope of Shanghai port.The potential reason is that the further expansion of Shanghai port is indirect hinterland of river-sea shipping rather than direct land hinterland.On the contrary,Ningbo port expands the direct land hinterland.(4)The endowment differences between two ports lead to different hinterland evolution mechanisms and various types of port groups.Limited by water depth,Shanghai port depends more on developed freight forwarding system,cross provincial strategic alliance,capital investment on inland ports along the Yangtze River and other market mechanisms.Furthermore,with the intergovernmental cooperation,tax relief and deregulation,Shanghai port gradually establishes a relatively loose port community,which strengthens the control of the source of goods and further expands the indirect hinterland based on river-sea shipping.(5)Ningbo port,with advantageous port resources,leans heavily on administrative power of Zhejiang provin

关 键 词：腹地演化 场强模型 水水转运 海铁联运 长三角 港口 

分 类 号：U651[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]