在大学物理教学中培养学生的批判性思维能力--浅析开放性提问的作用  

Cultivating the Critical Thinking Ability of Students in University Physics Teaching——Briefly Analyzing the Role of Open Questioning

作　　者：张义 冯兴 汪建 殷鹏飞 孙希媛 王开明 Zhang Yi;Feng Xing;Wang Jian;Yin Pengfei;Sun Xiyuan;Wang Kaiming(College of Science,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya′an,Sichuan625014)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学理学院应用物理系,四川雅安625014

出　　处：《物理通报》2021年第3期39-42,共4页Physics Bulletin

基　　金：四川省高等教育人才培养质量和教学改革项目,项目编号:JG2018-363,JG2018-352;四川农业大学教育教学改革项目,项目编号:X2017030。

摘　　要：具有独立思考和批判性思维能力对于提高创新能力具有重要作用,但目前大学普通物理教学还侧重于知识的传授,缺少对学生批判性思维能力的培养和重视.本文从开放性提问的角度出发,阐述了如何在大学物理教学中培养学生独立思考的习惯和批判性思维的能力.文章举例分析了在科学历史、课程习题、演示实验和工程案例中挖掘开放性问题,通过以学为中心的课堂问答,激发学生学习热情和兴趣,增强课程的探索性和趣味性,从而达到提高学生批判思维能力的目的.The ability of independent and critical thinking is very important for improving the innovation ability.However,up to now,the university physics teaching mainly focused on imparting knowledge,while the critical thinking was lack of training and attention.In this paper,in the view of open questioning,it was studied that how to improve the independent and critical thinking ability of students in the university physics teaching.Besides,it was also investigated that how to find the open questions in science history,course exercises,demonstrating experiments and engineering cases.Through the learning centered question answer process,the study passion and interest of students can be stimulated and the exploration and fun of physics course can also be enhanced to improve the critical thinking and innovative ability of students.

关 键 词：批判性思维 开放性提问 创新能力 

分 类 号：O4-4[理学—物理] G642[文化科学—高等教育学]