从汉字词汇的使用看汉字在东亚国家的前途——基于大规模语料库的考察  

On the Future of Chinese Characters in East Asian Countries from the Perspective of the Use of Chinese Characters Vocabulary——Research Based on Large-scale Corpus

作　　者：施建军 Shi Jian-jun(Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学,上海201620

出　　处：《外语学刊》2021年第1期85-94,共10页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“东亚国家语言中汉字词汇使用现状研究”(12JZD014)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：日本、韩国、越南等东亚国家的汉字一直是社会各界关注的热点。由于日韩越三国分别实行不同的语言政策,其结果是日本书面语中仍大量使用汉字,而韩国汉字消失殆尽,越南彻底废除汉字。但是近年来韩国、越南出现了恢复使用汉字的呼声。根据对日本、韩国、越南的现代语言的大规模数据调查,虽然韩国、越南基本不使用汉字,但是,这些语言中的汉字词汇并没有受到这些国家限制或者废除汉字的语言政策的影响,仍然大量存在,日本汉字词汇的使用量较明治时期也所增长,汉字词汇就像汉字的种子埋藏在这些国家的语言中。随着社会的进步,原先废除汉字的原因正在逐步消失,只要条件成熟,汉字在这些国家的前途是光明的。The Chinese characters of East Asian countries,such as Japan,South Korea,Vietnam,have always been the focus of attention.As a result of the different language policies adopted by Japan,South Korea and Vietnam,a large number of Chinese cha-racters are still used in Japanese written language,while in South Korea Chinese characters have disappeared,and in Vietnam Chinese characters have been completely abolished.But in recent years,South Korea and Vietnam have called for the resumption of the use of Chinese characters.According to the research based on the large-scale corpus of modern languages of Japanese,South Korean and Vietnamese,although in South Korea and Vietnam Chinese characters are not basically used,the Chinese cha-racter vocabulary in these languages is not affected by the restrictions or the language policy of abolishing the use of Chinese cha-racters,and still exists in large quantities.The use of Chinese character vocabulary in Japanese also increased compared with that in the Meiji Period.Chinese character vocabulary is like the seed hidden in the languages of these countries.With the progress of society,the conditions that caused the abolishment of the Chinese characters have gradually disappeared,and the future of Chinese characters in these countries is bright.

关 键 词：东亚国家 汉字词汇 汉字前途 大规模语料库 汉字政策 信息技术 

分 类 号：H0-0[语言文字—语言学]