Transcriptome and Metabolome Analyses of Sea Cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus in Southern China During the Summer Aestivation Period  

作　　者：YANG Qiuhua ZHANG Xusheng LU Zhen HUANG Ruifang TRAN Ngoc Tuan WU Jianshao YANG Fuyuan GE Hui ZHONG Chenhui SUN Qian ZHOU Chen LIN Qi 

机构地区：[1]Key Laboratory of Cultivation and High-Value Utilization of Marine Organisms in Fujian Province,Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian,Xiamen 361013,China [2]Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biology,Marine Biology Institute,Shantou University,Shantou 515063,China

出　　处：《Journal of Ocean University of China》2021年第1期198-212,共15页中国海洋大学学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the Science and Technology Program of Fujian Province(Nos.2018R1003-1 and 2019R1013-5);the Special Funds for Marine and Fishery Structure Adjustment(No.2020HYJG02);the Marine Economy Innovation and Area Development Demonstration Project of Fujian Province(No.FJHJF-L-2020-4)。

摘　　要：Aestivation is a common strategy of sea cucumbers(Apostichopus japonicus)in response to high-temperature conditions.Previous studies have individually investigated the immune and physiological alterations at the aestivation stage.However,these studies have not evaluated the relationship between immunity and physiology.In this study,we explored the transcriptome and metabolome of A.japonicus during the aestivation stage to study the relationship.The transcriptome analysis of dormant(aestivation)and revived A.japonicus generated 2368 differentially expressed genes,including 927 downregulated genes and 1441 upregulated genes.Based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses,the downregulated genes in the dormant group were found to be involved in DNA replication,RNA metabolic process,and protein metabolism,which results in the inhibition of motility,skeletal development,neural activity,cell proliferation,and development of A.japonicus.In contrast,the upregulated genes were found to be associated with fatty acid metabolism,carbohydrate hydrolysis,and phagocytosis.In the metabolome analysis,the downregulated metabolites were found to be associated with fatty acid metabolism,starch and sucrose metabolism,and TCA cycle.This indicates that dormant sea cucumbers consume reserved carbohydrates and fatty acids to maintain low levels of energy supply.The protein-protein interaction network analysis further revealed that carbohydrate hydrolysis promoted phagocytosis activity in the dormant group.This study provides new insights into potential molecular mechanisms of sea cucumber survival in high-temperature conditions,which is critical in aquaculture of sea cucumbers.

关 键 词：AESTIVATION Apostichopus japonicus HYPOMETABOLISM fatty acid metabolism carbohydrate hydrolysis PHAGOCYTOSIS 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]