钢铝双帽型保险杠横梁多目标优化  

Multi-objective optimization of steel-aluminum double-hat bumper beam

作　　者：王旭飞[1,2] 谭飞 焦登宁 周鹏 刘怡帆 刘菊蓉[1,2] WANG Xufei;TAN Fei;JIAO Dengning;ZHOU Peng;LIU Yifan;LIU Jurong(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Industrial Automation,Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723000,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学机械工程学院,汉中723000 [2]陕西理工大学陕西省工业自动化重点实验室,汉中723000

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2021年第2期66-75,共10页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：陕西省科技厅项目(2020JM-600);陕西省工业自动化重点实验室项目(18JS020)。

摘　　要：为了保证保险杠横梁优良的碰撞性能,并使其质量更小和结构简单,研究了一种钢铝双帽型保险杠横梁。使用LS-DYNA软件对保险杠横梁进行摆锤正面冲击数值模拟,经对比发现,钢铝双材横梁相比相同结构单一材料的横梁在正面碰撞中显示出良好的平衡性和碰撞性能;使用控制变量法研究发现,横梁前后帽的厚度和法兰的位置对其碰撞性能有显著影响;以最优拉丁超立方算法建立38组设计点,基于Kriging算法构建近似模型,并使用NSGA-II算法,以碰撞性能最优、质量最小为目标对横梁进行多目标优化。优化后钢铝双帽型保险杠横梁碰撞性能更优、质量更小,其总吸能为838.28 J,载荷峰值为18.31 kN,质量为2.08 kg,侵入量为24.78 mm,碰撞时间为0.10 s。A steel-aluminum double-hat bumper beam was studied in order to ensure the impact resistance of the bumper beam,reduce its mass and simplify its structure.LS-DYNA software was used to simulate the front impact of the pendulum on the bumper beam.By comparison,it was found that the steel-aluminum beam had better balance and impact performance than the beam with the same structure and a single material.Using the control variable method,it was found that the thickness of the front and rear hats of the beam and the position of the flange have significant influence on the collision performance.The optimal Latin hypercube algorithm was used to establish 38 groups of design points.Based on Kriging algorithm a approximate model was constructed,and NSGA-II was used to optimize the beam with the optimal collision performance,minimum mass.After optimization,the steel-aluminum double-hat bumper beam has better impact performance and smaller mass:the total energy absorption is 838.28 J,the peak load is 18.31 kN,the mass is 2.08 kg,the intrusion is 24.78 mm,and the collision time is 0.10 s.

关 键 词：钢铝双帽型 保险杠横梁 正面摆锤冲击 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]