社交媒体中的“幸福”语法比较——以新浪微博和脸书话语为例  

A Comparative Analysis of the Grammar of“Happiness”on Social Media—Taking Sina Weibo and Facebook as a Case

作　　者：夏玲玲 XIA Ling-ling(School of Foreign Languages,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学外国语学院,北京100871

出　　处：《湖北第二师范学院学报》2021年第1期38-46,共9页Journal of Hubei University of Education

摘　　要：幸福研究有两大趋势,即“幸福科学”(the science of happiness),涉及心理学、经济学和社会政策领域;“经典幸福”(the classical happiness),涉及哲学、文学和历史领域。而幸福研究领域虽然快速增长,但是跨语言视角却非常稀缺。对幸福的研究主要从语义角度出发,研究了博客帖子中幸福的时间分布,并探索了行动、事物、属性、社会性和以人为中心这五个不同的语义类别如何预测幸福。另有少部分幸福研究从语言与文化双重视角出发,主要是在自然语义元语言(natural semantic metalanguage)理论框架下进行的。这些研究虽然从语言出发,但都主要以语义为中心。目前虽然存在痛苦语法、死亡语法和冲突语法等研究,但是以词汇语法为出发点的幸福研究几乎没有。本研究尝试从词汇语法角度探索中文和英文中的幸福语法。本研究基于Halliday的及物性分析理论,探索了社交媒体网站新浪微博和脸书中公开发布的帖子里的幸福语法,发现这两类语料主要都通过关系过程和物质过程识解幸福的经验意义,并以关系过程为主;幸福主要都作为小句的参与者被识解,且主要集中在物质过程中的目标和关系过程中的价值和属性这三个角色上。中文语料中,幸福作为参与者,识解为属性数量最多;英文语料中,幸福主要被识解为目标和属性。两组语料中的幸福语法的分析都表明幸福具有自主的、可得的、属人的特征,其中后两种特征表现较多。There were two major trends in the research on happiness,namely,“the science of happiness”,involving the fields of psychology,economics and social policy,and“the classical happiness”,concerning the fields of philosophy,literature and history.In spite of a growing number of studies on happiness,little research started from the cross-lingual perspective.Mihalcea&Liu,from the perspective of semantics,examined the time distribution of happiness in blog postsand explored how the five different semantic categories of action,things,attributes,sociality,and human-centerednesscould predict happiness.There are also a small number of studies on happiness from the perspectives of language and culture,which mainly adopt the framework of natural semantic metalanguage.These studies start from language but are mainly concerned with semantics.Despite the fact that there is research such as pain grammar,death grammar and conflict grammar,there are few studies on happiness starting from lexical grammar.This paper attempts to explore happiness grammar in Chinese and English from the perspective of lexical grammar.This study,based on the framework of Halliday’s transitivity,explores the grammar of happiness in posts released on Sina Weibo and Facebook,finding that happiness in these two types of discourse is primarily construed through relational processes and material processes with the former occurring more and happiness is mainly construed as the participant of the clause,mostly involving the three roles of the Goal in material processes and the Value and the Attribute in relational processes.In the Chinese corpus,happiness is mainly construed as the Attribute.In the English corpus,happiness is mainly construed as the Goal and the Attribute.The analysis of happiness grammar in this paper indicates that happiness has autonomous,available,and human-centered characteristics,among which,the latter two are more prominent.

关 键 词：幸福 识解 关系过程 物质过程 参与者 

分 类 号：H04[语言文字—语言学]