不同植物覆盖下黄河三角洲湿地土壤中微塑料的分布  

Distribution of Micro-plastics in the Soil Covered by Different Vegetation in Yellow River Delta Wetland

作　　者：岳俊杰[1] 赵爽[1] 程昊东 段鑫越 石洪华 汪磊[3] 端正花[1,3] YUE Jun-jie;ZHAO Shuang;CHENG Hao-dong;DUAN Xin-yue;SHI Hong-hua;WANG Lei;DUANZheng-hua(School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;First Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Qingdao 266061,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Nankai University,Tianjin 300350,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学环境科学与安全工程学院,天津300384 [2]自然资源部第一海洋研究所,青岛266061 [3]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300350

出　　处：《环境科学》2021年第1期204-210,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41807487,51779048,51878448);山东省专项海洋科技资金重大科技创新工程项目(2018SDKJ0505)。

摘　　要：为揭示黄河三角洲湿地地区土壤中微塑料分布与植物覆盖的相关性,选择低盐优势物种芦苇(Phragmites communis)和高盐优势物种盐地碱蓬(Suaeda salsa)为研究对象,探讨其生长土壤共计16个样点中微塑料的分布特征.结果表明,该地区植物覆盖土壤中微塑料丰度范围为80~4640 n·kg^(-1),粒径范围为13μm~5 mm,大粒径微塑料成分主要有聚乙烯(PE)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)和聚苯乙烯(PS),其中PET含量为0.22~1.16μg·kg^(-1).芦苇相对盐地碱蓬对土壤中微塑料有更大的阻隔.芦苇生长点位上土壤微塑料丰度和PET含量均值分别为1423 n·kg^(-1)和0.62μg·kg^(-1),以50μm以下粒径的小颗粒为主;盐地碱蓬生长点位上土壤微塑料丰度均值和PET含量分别为584 n·kg^(-1)和0.33μg·kg^(-1),以100~1000μm粒径的碎片和纤维为主.微塑料丰度与植物生长状况具有显著相关性(P=0.001).因此,同一区域不同植物覆盖下土壤中微塑料的分布可能会存在空间差异.Micro-plastics(MPs)pollution has been a hotspot in soil environment.To explore the correlation of the vegetation cover and the distribution of MPs in Yellow River Delta wetland,the characters of MPs in the soil sampled at 16 sites where reed(Phragmites communis,a low-salt dominant species)and Suaeda salsa(a high-salt dominant species)covered were investigated.The abundance of MPs here ranged to 80-4640 n·kg^(-1),and the particle size ranged to 13μm-5 mm.The main components of MPs with large size were polyethylene(PE),polyethylene terephthalate(PET)and polystyrene(PS),and the content of PET ranged to 0.22-1.16μg·kg^(-1).The barrier effect of reed on MPs was higher than that of Suaeda salsa.The average abundance of MPs and PET contents at the sites where reed covered were 1423 n·kg^(-1)and 0.62μg·kg^(-1),and they mainly consisted of small particles with a size less than 50μm.The average abundance of MPs and PET contents at the site Suaeda salsa covered were 584 n·kg^(-1)and 0.33μg·kg^(-1),and they mainly consisted of fragments and fibers with a size ranged to 100-1000μm.The abundance of MPs in the soil was significantly correlated with the growth statues of the vegetations(P=0.001).Therefore,the distribution of MPs in the soil in the same area covered by different vegetation might be spatial different.

关 键 词：黄河三角洲湿地 微塑料(MPs) 植物覆盖 芦苇 盐地碱蓬 相关性 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]