重金属胁迫下的微生物代谢组学研究进展  

Metabolomics of microorganisms in response to heavy metal stress

作　　者：姚雪丹 付建红[1] 徐彤 孙浩然 YAO Xuedan;FU Jianhong;XU Tong;SUN Haoran(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Special Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology,Key Laboratory of Special Environment Biodiversity Application and Regulation in Xinjiang,Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land,College of Life Science,Xinjiang Normal University,Urumqi 830054,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学生命科学学院新疆特殊环境物种保护与调控生物学实验室/新疆特殊环境物种多样性应用与调控重点实验室/干旱区植物逆境生物学实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《生物资源》2020年第6期678-685,共8页Biotic Resources

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目(2016D01A054)。

摘　　要：微生物的代谢活动易受到环境变化的影响,当环境中存在重金属污染时微生物会通过调节代谢降低自身所受的重金属的毒害。本文通过微生物代谢组学研究探讨重金属胁迫下微生物代谢活动的响应情况,介绍了微生物代谢组学的相关技术和方法,对其应用进行说明;基于重金属对微生物细胞的毒害作用,对重金属胁迫下微生物代谢组学的相关内容进行综述,发现在重金属胁迫下,微生物可以通过增加代谢活动进而产生更多的代谢物质来响应重金属的胁迫,其中微生物产生的胞外聚合物、草酸和柠檬酸等代谢物在微生物响应重金属胁迫中具有重要作用。微生物通过产生相应代谢物不仅使自身可以在重金属胁迫下生存,这些代谢物还可以使环境中重金属有所减少,这对于利用微生物资源修复重金属污染具有重要意义。The metabolic activities of microorganisms are easily affected by environmental changes.Microorganisms reduce their exposure to heavy metals through metabolic regulation when there is heavy metal pollution in the environment.In this paper,the response of microbial metabolism under heavy metal stress was studied by microbial metabolomics.Firstly,the related techniques and methods of microbial metabolomics are introduced,and its application is described.Secondly,based on the toxic effects of heavy metals on microbial cells,the relevant contents of microbial metabolomics under heavy metal stress are summarized.Microorganisms can respond to heavy metal stress by increasing metabolic activities and producing more metabolic substances,such as extracellular polymers,oxalic acid and citric acid,which play an important role in microbial response to heavy metal stress.Microorganisms not only make themselves survive the stress of heavy metals by producing corresponding metabolites,but also reduce heavy metals in the environment,which is of great significance for the remediation of heavy metal pollution by microbial resources.

关 键 词：微生物代谢组学 重金属胁迫 胞外聚合物 草酸 柠檬酸 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程] Q935[生物学—微生物学]