莱州湾海域春季不同网目尺寸地笼网渔获性能分析比较  

Analysis and comparison of catch performance of cage net with different mesh sizes in Laizhou Bayin spring

作　　者：任建钦 黄六一[1] 许庆昌 李玉岩[1] 程兆海 冯卫东 REN Jianqin;HUANG Liuyi;XU Qingchang;LI Yuyan;CHENG Zhaohai;FENG Weidong(Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,Shandong,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,shandong,China;Hubei Institute of Technology,Huangshi 435003,Hubei,China;China Aquatic Products Co.LTD,Beijing 100160,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [3]湖北理工学院,湖北黄石435003 [4]中国水产有限公司,北京100160

出　　处：《渔业现代化》2021年第1期41-47,共7页Fishery Modernization

基　　金：农业农村部渔业渔政管理项目(12530016)。

摘　　要：为了让地笼网在人工鱼礁区进行捕捞许可提供科学依据,2018年4月在渤海莱州湾海域采用套网法进行地笼网不同网目尺寸(20、30、40、50、60 mm)的渔获物调查,探讨不同网目尺寸地笼网的渔获性能。对试验结果从相对重要性指数(IRI)、渔获量、主要渔获物优势体长、尾数和重量逃逸率、经济品种渔获量和口虾蛄体长分布进行分析。结果显示,试验共捕获渔获物37种,其中优势种8种;渔获物的数量与种类逃逸率随着网目尺寸增加而增加,40~60 mm网目种类逃逸率达80%左右,尾数逃逸率超过90%,质量逃逸达50%以上,表明40~60 mm网目具有明显的释放效果;经济品种渔获量占比与网目尺寸呈正相关;以主要渔获种类口虾蛄分析,使用50 mm网目捕捞未达到可捕体长的口虾蛄占比最少,为10.3%;经综合分析,50 mm网目尺寸地笼网的渔获性能较好,符合生产和生态的要求,因此推荐在海洋牧场海域使用50 mm网目地笼网。In order to provide a scientific basis for the fishing permit of cage nets in artificial reef areas,the catch performance of cage nets with different mesh sizes(20,30,40,50,60 mm)was investigated by using the cover net method in Laizhou Bay of Bohai Sea in April 2018.The index of relative importance(IRI),catch,dominant body length of main catches,number and weight escape rate,catch of economic species and body length distribution of Oratosquilla oratoria were analyzed.The results showed that 37 species of catches were caught in the experiment,among which 8 species were dominant species.The weight,quantity and species escape rate of the catches increased with the increase of mesh size.The species escape rate in 40-60 mm mesh was about 80%,the number escape rate was over 90%,and the weight escape rate was more than 50%,which indicated that the 40-60 mm mesh had obvious releasing effect.There was a positive correlation between the proportion of the catch of economic varieties and the mesh size.According to the analysis of the main catch species Oratosquilla oratoria,the proportion of Oratosquilla oratoria not reaching the length of capture with 50 mm net was the smallest,10.3%.Through comprehensive analysis,the catch performance of cage net with mesh size of 50 mm is better,which meets the requirements of production and ecology.Therefore,it is recommended to use cage net with mesh size of 50 mm in marine pasture area.

关 键 词：地笼网 渔获性能 套网法 莱州湾 

分 类 号：S972.29[农业科学—捕捞与储运]