2015—2020年国内饲料霉菌毒素污染调查报告统计分析  

Statistical Analysis on the Investigation Reports Concerning Mycotoxin Contamination in Animal Feed in China during 2015 to 2020

作　　者：丁燕玲 李孟聪 钟名琴 陈彤 宋素泉 罗燕 谭磊 Ding Yanling;Li Mengcong;Zhong Mingqin;Chen Tong;Song Suquan;Luo Yan;Tan Lei(Shenzhen Agricultural Product Quality Safety Inspection Testing Center,Key Laboratory of Supervision for Edible Agricultural Products of Administration for Market Regulation of Guangdong Province,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市农产品质量安全检验检测中心,广东省市场监督管理局食用农产品监管重点实验室,广东深圳518000 [2]南京农业大学,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国动物检疫》2021年第3期29-36,共8页China Animal Health Inspection

摘　　要：为了解我国近年来全价饲料及玉米、小麦、豆粕等主要谷物原料的霉菌毒素污染状况,收集“中国知网”以及“奥特奇”“奥迈”等生物科技有限公司2015年1月—2020年6月发布的30份调查报告,对相关数据进行统计分析。结果显示:我国大部分省区市饲料中存在霉菌毒素污染,其中华东地区最为严重,4种霉菌毒素检出率均较高;谷物原料中存在优势霉菌毒素,其中玉米中主要是伏马毒素B1和脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇,小麦更容易受呕吐毒素污染,而豆粕中霉菌毒素检出率较低;全价饲料中黄曲霉素B1、伏马毒素B1、玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇均存在较高检出率和阳性值。结果表明,我国饲料及谷物原料霉菌毒素污染较严重,需要采用发酵、高压等去污技术和严格的法律法规加以管控。本研究为我国畜禽业用粮指导和霉菌毒素污染限量标准制定提供了数据支持。In order to make clear the status of Mycotoxin contamination in corn,wheat,soybean meal and other main grain raw materials in China,nearly 30 investigation reports published by China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Alltech,Aomai and other biotechnology companies from January 2015 to June 2020 were collected to analyze relevant data.The results showed that Mycotoxin contamination was widespread in most provinces(districts and cities)in China,especially Eastern China where was most severe with high detection rate of all four kinds of Mycotoxins;predominant Mycotoxins were available in grain raw materials,specifically,Fumonisin B1 and Deoxynivalenol mainly in corn,Vomitoxin prone to wheat,but little Mycotoxin in soybean meal;higher detection rate and positive value of Aflatoxin B1,Fumonisin B1,Zearalenone and Deoxynivalenol were available in whole feed.In conclusion,Mycotoxin contamination was more serious in feed and grain raw materials in China,which should be controlled by fermentation,high-pressure and other decontamination technologies under strict laws and regulations.Therefore,some guidance for grain consumption and development of Mycotoxin contamination limit standard in livestock and poultry industry in China were supported by the data collected and analyzed in the paper.

关 键 词：霉菌毒素 饲料污染 谷物原料 饲料加工 控制策略 

分 类 号：S816.17[农业科学—饲料科学]