从“齐物”思想之演变看庄学的哲学化历程  

On the Philosophization Course of"Zhuang Zi"Theory from the Evolution of the Thought of"the Equality of Things"

作　　者：李凯[1] Li Kai(不详)

机构地区：[1]西南大学哲学系,重庆400715

出　　处：《中州学刊》2021年第2期119-124,共6页Academic Journal of Zhongzhou

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划重点项目“《庄子》内篇思想与‘静虑’行为之关系研究——以‘齐物’为考察中心”(2017ZDZX02)。

摘　　要：庄子认为,万物间其实没有差异,差异只是人的“成心”所造成的假相,不过,庄子并未交代何为“成心”。这一“齐物”思想的逻辑系统尚不严密,因此,它很难称得上是严格意义的哲学。庄子后学认为,万物间确有差异,但只要能够各任其性,万物便在合于自然的意义上齐一。这一“齐物”思想具备了严密的逻辑系统,但庄子后学并未将这种思想冠以“齐物”之名,因此,从“齐物”哲学建构的角度而言,这种思想尚不具备哲学体系所应有的表达明确的特征。郭象受庄子后学“齐物”理路的启发,又合庄子的“逍遥”“齐物”二义为一,而提出了一种“任性”“齐物”思想,对于这种思想,郭象明确地用“齐物”加以命名。郭象的“齐物”思想既具备了严密的逻辑系统,又得以明确地表达和论证,庄学对“齐物”哲学的建构至郭象方得圆满。Zhuang Zi believed that there was no difference among all things,and the difference was only a false appearance caused by people′s"prejudices".However,Zhuang Zi did not explain what"prejudices"were.The logical system of this thought of"the equality of things"was not yet rigorous,so it hardly deserved to be called a philosophy in the strict sense.The disciples and followers of Zhuang Zi believed that in reality there were differences among all things,but as long as they could suit their natures,all things had no difference in the sense of being according to their natures.This thought of"the equality of things"had a strict logical system,but the disciples and followers of Zhuang Zi did not label this thought as"the equality of things".Therefore,from the perspective of the construction of the philosophy of"the equality of things",this thought dis not have the characteristics of explicit expression that the philosophical system should have.Inspired by the logic of the disciples and followers of Zhuang Zi on"the equality of things",Guo Xiang combined Zhuang Zi′s concepts of"being free and unfettered"and"the equality of things"into one,thus putting forward the thought of making all things equal by suiting their nature.To this thought,Guo Xiang explicitly named"the equality of things".Guo Xiang′s thought of"the equality of things"not only had a strict logical system,but also can express and demonstrate clearly."Zhuang Zi"theory′s construction of the philosophy of"the equality of things"was not completed until Guo Xiang.

关 键 词：齐物 庄学 哲学化 

分 类 号：B223[哲学宗教—中国哲学]