WHO标准与中国标准评价中国5岁以下儿童营养状况比较  

Comparison of WHO standard and Chinese standard in evaluation of nutritional status of children under five years old in China

作　　者：李嘉江慧 孙玥 沈丽萍 闫宇翔 杨振宇 LI Jia-Jiang-Hui;SUN Yue;SHEN Li-Ping(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Capital Medical University,Beijing,100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,北京100069 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京102206

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2021年第1期130-135,共6页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：科技部“十三五”科技基础资源调查专项课题(2017FY101103)。

摘　　要：目的比较WHO标准与中国标准评价中国5岁以下儿童营养状况的差别。方法利用2010-2013年中国居民营养与健康状况监测数据,根据WHO标准计算儿童Z评分,根据中国标准的界值判定儿童营养状况,分别计算并比较两个标准的儿童营养不良率。结果中国标准和WHO标准计算出的5岁以下儿童生长迟缓率分别为5.54%和6.26%、低体重率为3.21%和1.99%、消瘦率为2.33%和1.97%、超重率为8.55%和7.29%、肥胖率为2.88%和2.46%。使用中国标准评估的低体重率、消瘦率、超重肥胖率显著高于WHO标准,生长迟缓率低于WHO标准。结论WHO标准和中国标准评价儿童营养状况时存在差异。选择标准评价儿童营养状况需考虑应用范围。Objective To compare the differences of WHO standard and Chinese standard in evaluation of nutritional status of children under five years old in China.Methods Based on the monitoring data of nutrition and health status of Chinese residents from 2010 to 2013,WHO standard was used to calculate Z score,the critical values of Chinese standard were used to judge nutritional status of children,the incidence rates of malnutrition of WHO standard and Chinese standard were respectively calculated and compared.Results Among the children under five years old,the incidence rates of growth retardation of Chinese standard and WHO standard were 5.54%and 6.26%,respectively,the incidence rates of underweight were 3.21%and 1.99%,respectively,the incidence rates of wasting were 2.33%and 1.97%,respectively,the incidence rates of overweight were 8.55%and 7.29%,respectively,the incidence rates of obesity were 2.88%and2.46%,respectively.The incidence rates of underweight,wasting,overweight,and obesity of Chinese standard were significantly higher than those of WHO standard,while the incidence rate of growth retardation of Chinese standard was significantly lower than that of WHO standard.Conclusion WHO standard is different from Chinese standard in evaluation of nutritional status of children under five years old in China,the application range should be considered when evaluating nutritional status of children.

关 键 词：WHO生长标准 中国生长标准 5岁以下儿童 营养不良 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]