在校小学生意外伤害救护认知与教育需求调查  

Survey on the cognition and educational needs of primary school students about accidental injury rescue

作　　者：李天红[1] 张琴 韩梦滢 陈凤仪 李艳红[1] 潘敏 陈冬力 LI Tianhong;ZHANG Qin;HAN Mengying;CHEN Fengyi;LI Yanhong;PAN Min;CHEN Dongli(Wuhan Children′s Hospital of TongJi Medicical College,Huazhong University of Science&Technology,WuHan 430016,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉儿童医院,武汉430016 [2]湖北省军区武汉第十离职干部休养所 [3]武汉市育才行知小学

出　　处：《中国临床护理》2021年第2期80-86,共7页Chinese Clinical Nursing

基　　金：美国Dreyfus健康基金会&武汉大学健康学院PSBH项目(编号:2018007)。

摘　　要：目的了解小学生对意外伤害救护的认知水平、教育现状与需求,针对薄弱环节,探索适应小学生需求及学习特征的培训形式。方法通过学校微信平台,对武汉市江岸区某小学1264名学生进行意外伤害救护认知与教育需求问卷调查,并进行统计学分析。结果小学生对心肺复苏有效时间、心肺复苏按压深度、按压部位、复苏抢救对象知晓率低,仅为12.82%、25.08%、50.55%、70.33%;溺水的急救知晓率仅30.46%;不同年级学生对学校易受伤地点、易受伤情境、易受伤原因、同学做危险活动时表现的认知及对心肺复苏知识的知晓和烫伤、眼部异物、气管异物的急救处理认知上存在统计学差异(P<0.05);97.63%的小学生希望医院-学校建立联合培训模式;68.35%选择情景游戏方式进行培训。结论小学生对意外伤害救护认知存在局限,尤其心肺复苏知识与技能急待提升,学校及教育主管部门可探索医院-学校联合培训形式,建构科学规范的安全教育体系,提高小学生意外伤害救护能力。Objective To observe the cognition of primary school students on accidental injury rescue,and their needs for related health education,so as to explore the suitable health education method for them.Methods Totally 1264 primary school students from Jiang′an district of Wuhan city were recruited and investigated the cognition on the accidental injury rescue and need for health education using the WeChat platform.The data were analyzed.Results Only 12.82%,25.08%,50.55%and 70.33%primary school students were well aware of the effective time of cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),compression depth,compression location,and suitable objects.About 30.46%knew the correct first aid treatment for drowning.Significant differences were found among students of different grades in the awareness of vulnerable spots and situations in the school,the cause of injury,the performance to dangerous behaviors of other students,the effective time of CPR,the depth of pressing,the object of resuscitation,and the treatment on scald,foreign bodies in eyes and trachea.The hospital-school combined training was preferred by 97.63%,while the scene-and-game training was welcomed by 68.35%of the students.Conclusion Primary school students have limited awareness of accidental injury rescue.The knowledge and skills of CPR need to be improved urgently.A hospital-school combined training model should be explored,and a standardized and scientific first-aid training system should set up to improve the ability of accidental injury rescue among the primary school students.

关 键 词：小学生 意外伤害 救护 认知 调查 

分 类 号：G62[文化科学—教育学]