高速铁路小半径曲线钢轨侧磨研究  

Research on Side Wear of Rails on Small Radius Curves on High-speed Railway

作　　者：徐凯[1,2] 李芾 吴文逸[3] 吴昊 XU Kai;LI Fu;WU Wenyi;WU Hao(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;Chengdu Municipal Bureau of Economic and Information Technology,Chengdu 610000,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]成都市经济和信息化局,四川成都610000 [3]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,四川成都610031

出　　处：《铁道学报》2021年第2期45-51,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1200501);优秀研究生国际学术能力研究专项(A0920502051703-1)。

摘　　要：为解决高速铁路小半径钢轨磨耗问题,以高速动车组和小半径曲线钢轨为研究对象,基于Simpack建立高速动车组模型和编制轮轨磨耗程序,通过调整轮轨摩擦系数、轨距、车辆通过速度和轨底坡等参数,对车辆通过小半径曲线时的动力学性能及钢轨磨耗进行分析。结果表明,减小外股钢轨与轮缘接触处的轮轨摩擦系数能改变轮轨黏滑特性,有利于降低外股钢轨的侧磨。适当加宽轨距和降低车辆通过速度有利于降低轮缘与轨距角处的接触应力,对侧磨有一定的改善作用。通过加大外股钢轨轨底坡,使车轮与外股钢轨的接触趋于优化,有利于减小钢轨侧磨现象。对钢轨进行校正性打磨也能一定程度改善轮轨接触关系,从而改善外股钢轨的侧磨和内股钢轨的表面波磨现象。当外股钢轨轨距角处摩擦系数为0.2、轨距加宽5~10 mm、外股钢轨轨底坡增加到1/20时,最有利于缓解外股钢轨的侧磨现象,同时通过钢轨打磨也能一定程度减轻轮轨磨耗及损伤,有利于延长钢轨的寿命。In order to solve the problem of rail wear under small radius curve condition of high-speed railway,based on the study of the high-speed EMU and small radius curve,the vehicle system dynamic model based on the Simpack software as well as the wheel-rail wear program were established.According to the adjustment of friction coefficient,gauge,vehicle speed and rail cant,the dynamic performance of vehicle running through a small radius curve and rail wear were analyzed.The results show that the reduction of the wheel-rail friction coefficient at the contact point between the outer rail and wheel flange can change the wheel rail stick slip characteristics,which is helpful to reduce the side wear of the outer rail.Properly widening of the gauge and reducing the vehicle velocity can reduce the contact stress of the flange and gauge corner,which could reduce the side wear.The increase of the rail cant of outer rail can optimize the contact between the wheel and outer rail and can reduce the side wear.Corrective rail grinding can improve the wheel-rail contact relationship thereby reducing the side wear of the outer rail and the corrugation of inner rail.Based on this,when the friction coefficient is 0.2 at the gauge corner of outer rail,the gauge is widened by 5-10 mm,and the rail cant of outer rail is increased to 1/20,the side wear of the outer rail is minimized.At the same time,rail grinding can also reduce the wheel-rail wear and damage to some extent,which will be beneficial to prolong the rail service life.

关 键 词：高速铁路 小半径曲线 钢轨 磨耗 车辆系统动力学 

分 类 号：U213.42[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]