平台到生态系统成长的势效应——基于iOS移动操作系统的案例研究  

The Momentum Effects of the Growth from the Platform to the Ecosystem——A Case Study of iOS

作　　者：施必翔 唐方成[1,2] 刘锐剑 Shi Bixiang;Tang Fangcheng;Liu Ruijian(School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China;School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学经济管理学院,北京100044 [2]北京化工大学经济管理学院,北京100029

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2021年第3期1-10,共10页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71532003,72072008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2019YJS069);北京化工大学一流学科建设专项资金项目(XK1802-5)。

摘　　要：移动互联网的快速兴起不仅推动操作系统平台成为移动通讯产业新的竞争制高点,更加速传统通讯行业竞争格局向操作系统生态竞争转变。现有研究关于平台到生态系统的演进成长机理仍不甚清晰,通过引入平台势概念,描述平台到生态系统的持续成长历程,并对iOS移动操作系统开展探索性案例研究,尝试从持续、动态视角打开平台成长为生态系统过程的“黑箱”。研究发现,平台到生态系统的持续成长不仅存在显著阶段性特征,即平台企业在不同发展阶段不仅会依据平台发展特性、需求和组织情境特征,形成不同战略重点与目标,还蕴含着平台势的复杂积聚过程,平台势持续积聚推动着平台到生态系统的持续演进发展;不同发展阶段下,平台的借势型、造势型和应势型战略行动使平台势变化呈现出从逐渐积聚到逐渐加速积聚,再到积聚速度呈加快—减缓—加快形式的转换过程,从而影响平台到生态系统的演进成长进程。The rapid rise of mobile internet not only promoted the operating system to become a new competition focus of the mobile communications industry,but also it accelerated the transformation of the competitive landscape of the traditional communications industry into ecosystem competition of the operating system.However,the mechanism of the continuous growth from the platform to the ecosystem are still not very clear in the existing literature.This paper introduces the platform momentum to describe the growth,and take the exploratory case analysis to the iOS,in order to open the black-box of the growth from platform to the ecosystem from a continuous and dynamic perspective.We,therefore,argue that there are different strategic focus and goals in each stage during the continuous growths,which were determined by the features and needs of platform development,and the organizational situational properties of the platform.Moreover,we also find,the growth is a process with the accumulation of platform momentum,which promotes the continuous growths of the platform to the ecosystem,and the strategy with different stage,jie-shi,zao-shi and ying-shi,will show a transition process of gradual accumulation to the accumulation with gradual acceleration,and then to the accumulation speed in the form of accelerating-slowing-accelerating during its growth,thereby affecting the continuous growths.

关 键 词：iOS平台生态系统 平台势 用户基础 交叉网络效应 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]