失败未必是成功之母——来自235位农民创业者的经验证据  

Entrepreneurial failures do not always lead to subsequent success:Evidence from rural Chinese entrepreneurs

作　　者：魏娟[1] 赵佳佳[1] 刘天军[1] WEI Juan;ZHAO Jia-jia;LIU Tian-jun(Northwest A&F University,College of Economics&Management,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学经济管理学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《科学学研究》2021年第2期285-294,共10页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(71933005);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71773089)。

摘　　要：基于经验学习理论和失败归因理论,构建创业失败与再创业绩效之间有调节的中介效应整合模型,利用235位农民创业者访谈数据,实证分析创业失败对再创业绩效的直接影响与间接影响。研究发现:(1)农民创业失败与其再创业绩效之间存在倒U型关系;(2)失败学习在创业失败与再创业绩效之间发挥积极中介效应;(3)失败内归因正向调节创业失败对失败学习的积极作用,但内归因在创业失败与再创业绩效之间未发挥显著调节作用;(4)有调节的中介效应显著,即失败归因显著调节失败学习的中介效应。结果表明农民创业者应重视创业失败恢复,加强失败学习;政府应开设创业失败学习培训,同时应创造包容的创业文化。Based on experiential learning theory and attribution theory,this study constructs a moderated mediation model to explore the direct and indirect impact of failure experience on new business performance.Along with a dataset from 235 Chinese rural entrepreneurs who failed previously,the Hierarchical regression analysis and Bootstrap test method are utilized to verify the direct impact of entrepreneurial failure on new performance,the mediating effect of learning from failure,and the moderating effect of failure attribution.The results show that:(a)there exists an Inverted-U shape relationship between entrepreneurial failure and new venture performance;(b)learning from failure plays a positive mediating effect;(c)the attribution of failure plays a significant moderating role on learning from failure;(d)although the moderating effect of failure attribution on new performance is not significant,the moderated mediation effect is statistically significant.Findings of this study not only extend the research of entrepreneurial failure,but also provide practical guidance for rural entrepreneurs,and offer important implications for policy makers.

关 键 词：农民创业 创业失败 失败学习 失败归因 再创业绩效 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]