普通小麦籽粒硬度的全基因组关联分析  

Genome-Wide Association Study of Grain Hardness in Common Wheat

作　　者：胡文静[1,2] 张晓 刘巧[3] 方正武 高德荣 HU Wenjing;ZHANG Xiao;LIU Qiao;FANG Zhengwu;GAO Derong(Lixiahe Institute of Agriculture Sciences / Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225007,China;Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China;College of Agronomy,Yangtze University,Jingzhou,Hubei 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所/农业部长江中下游小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,江苏扬州225007 [2]扬州大学/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏扬州225009 [3]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2021年第2期157-163,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0100502);国家自然科学基金项目(31901544);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-03B,CARS-3-2-11);江苏省现代农业重点项目(BE2017340);江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2018350);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20171279)。

摘　　要：籽粒硬度是小麦品质评价的重要指标。为挖掘控制小麦籽粒硬度的重要基因/位点,以国内外171个小麦品种组成的自然群体为材料,在4个环境下利用小麦90K SNP芯片对籽粒硬度进行全基因组关联分析(genome-wide association study,GWAS)。171个小麦品种籽粒硬度变异系数为56.59%~66.80%,相关系数为0.88~0.92。GWAS结果表明,共检测到20个与小麦籽粒硬度显著相关的SNPs,其中,14个SNPs(7个位点)在2个及以上环境中能被检测到,分别位于1A、1B、1D、2A、5A和7A染色体上,可解释6.76%~11.79%的表型变异。表型贡献率超过10%的SNPs有4个(3个位点),分布在1D、2A和5A染色体上,其中,1D染色体上的标记wsnp_Ku_c19622_29138795在3个环境中能被检测到,可解释9.08%~11.79%的表型变异;2A染色体上的标记Excalibur_c12675_1789在4个环境中均能被检测到,可解释9.10%~10.86%的表型变异;5A染色体上的标记wsnp_Ra_c24707_34262900和BS00041219_51在2个环境中能被检测到,可解释6.76%~10.35%的表型变异。在所有环境下均与小麦籽粒硬度显著相关的位点有4个,分别位于1A、1B、2A和7A染色体上。Grain hardness is an important index for wheat quality evaluation.Identification of associated genes/loci for grain hardness is important for molecular marker-assisted selection(MAS)in wheat quality breeding.In the present study,grain hardness was screened with 171 bread wheat varieties from China and abroad in four environments.A genome-wide association study(GWAS)was performed using the mixed linear model(MLM)based on wheat 90K SNP array.The variation coefficient of hardness was 56.59%-66.80%,and the correlation coefficient was 0.88-0.92.Eight stable loci with 14 SNPs were detected in two or more environments,located on chromosomes 1A,1B,1D,2A,5A and 7A,explaining the phenotypic variation of 6.76%-11.79%.Three loci with 4 SNPs could explain more than 10%of the phenotypic variation,located on chromosomes 1D,2A and 5A,and wsnp_Ku_c19622_29138795 marker detected on chromosome 1D in three environments could explain the phenotypic variation rate of 9.08%-11.79%,Excalibur_c12675_1789 marker detected on chromosome 2A in all four environments could explain the phenotypic variation rate of 9.10%-10.86%,the wsnp_Ra_c24707_34262900 and BS00041219_51 markers detected on chromosome 5A in two environments could explain the phenotypic variation rate of 6.76%-10.35%.Four loci significantly associated with grain hardness in all environments were located on chromosomes 1A,1B,2A and 7A,respectively.The detected loci and corresponding SNPs could provide an effective way for improving the molecular markers for grain hardness selection in wheat breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 硬度 90K SNP 全基因组关联分析 品质育种 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330[农业科学—作物遗传育种]