GaAs材料在光电化学电池中的稳定性  

The Stability of GaAs in Photoelectrochemical Cells

作　　者：曹诗瑶 闫小琴[1] CAO Shiyao;YAN Xiaoqin(School of Materials Science and Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学材料科学与工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《材料导报》2021年第5期5062-5066,5074,共6页Materials Reports

摘　　要：光电化学水分解制氢被誉为人工光合作用,其利用太阳能将水分解为氢气和氧气,是未来可持续能源体系潜在的重要能源转换手段。随着光电化学电池的发展,光电化学电池的转换效率得到了大幅提升,然而光电化学电池的使用寿命却与实际应用标准寿命(10年)相差甚远。光电化学电池材料体系中Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体GaAs由于其优异的光物理性能逐步受到科学家们的广泛关注。然而,GaAs在光电化学体系中存在严重的光腐蚀问题。如何在充分发挥GaAs本征优势的前提下提升其在电解液中的稳定性近年来已成为Ⅲ-Ⅴ族半导体研究的热点。研究表明,针对不同环境下GaAs电极的腐蚀机制设计不同保护层薄膜对GaAs进行防护,能有效地在保证转换效率的前提下延长GaAs电极的寿命。本文从GaAs材料在不同酸碱性电解液中的腐蚀机理出发,针对GaAs在不同溶液环境中的有效保护措施进行综述,着重阐述了现有手段对GaAs材料在溶液中稳定性提升的成果,同时展望了GaAs材料的未来发展趋势。Photoelectrochemical water splitting is renowned as artificial photosynthesis.It converts solar energy and splits water into hydrogen and oxygen.It is a potentially important energy conversion method for future sustainable energy systems.With the development of photoelectrochemical cells,the energy conversion efficiency improved greatly.However,the lifetime of the photoelectrochemical cell is far from the actual application standard of 10 years.The excellent photo-physical properties have brought theⅢ-Ⅴsemiconductor GaAs under the spotlight.However,GaAs suffers from serious photocorrosion in photoelectrochemical systems.How to improve its stability in electrolyte under the premise of giving full play to its inherent advantages has become a research hotspot ofⅢ-Ⅴsemiconductors in recent years.Studies have shown that designing different protective films to protect GaAs according to the corrosion mechanism of GaAs electrodes in different environments can effectively extend the lifetime of GaAs electrodes while ensuring conversion efficiency.This article starts from the corrosion mechanism of GaAs materials in different acid and alkaline electrolytes,and summarizes the effective protection measures of GaAs in different solution environments.This review focuses on the results of existing methods for improving the stability of GaAs materials in solution.Moreover,the future development of GaAs in photoelectrochemical field is prospected.

关 键 词：GAAS 光腐蚀 稳定性 保护层 光电化学水分解 

分 类 号：TB303[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]