不同镁/磷盐添加剂对蓝藻堆肥的氮素损失控制效果  

Effects of different combinations of magnesium(Mg)and phosphorus(P)salts on nitrogen loss during cyanobacteria composting

作　　者：唐尙柱 赵晓海 斯鑫鑫 王顺永 李珊珊 张学胜[1] 李玉成[1] TANG Shang-zhu;ZHAO Xiao-hai;SI Xin-xin;WANG Shun-yong;LI Shan-shan;ZHANG Xue-sheng;LI Yu-cheng(School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Anhui University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学资源与环境工程学院,合肥230601

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2021年第2期428-435,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2017ZX07603-002-001)。

摘　　要：为探究蓝藻好氧堆肥过程中较佳的氮素损失控制措施,以蓝藻为主要原料,菌渣、稻壳为调理剂,4种不同组合的镁盐和磷盐[Mg(OH)2+H3PO4(MP)、Mg(OH)2+KH2PO4(MKP)、MgSO4+H3PO4(MSP)、MgSO4+KH2PO4(MSKP)]为添加剂进行好氧堆肥试验,对不同处理下的氮素损失控制效果进行研究。结果表明:MP、MKP、MSP和MSKP处理组的NH3排放量相较于空白对照组分别降低了48.98%、45.95%、76.91%和38.65%;TN含量相较于初始值分别增加了66.31%、54.42%、30.15%和46.50%;氮素固定率分别为44.26%、41.36%、71.09%和33.54%。X射线衍射(XRD)分析结果证实不同处理组堆肥产品中均有鸟粪石(MgNH4PO4·6H2O)的存在。堆肥42 d后,除MSP处理组外,各组均已达到腐熟状态,且符合NY 525—2012标准。综合来看,MKP处理的氮素固定率略低于MP处理,但具有更高的微囊藻毒素降解率与总养分含量,是蓝藻堆肥工程化应用中理想的保氮方式。In this study,we optimized the control strategy for nitrogen(N)loss during the aerobic composting of cyanobacteria.Corresponding field aerobic composting experiments were conducted,using cyanobacteria as the raw material,mushroom residues and rice hulls as conditioners,and four mixtures of magnesium salts and phosphates[i.e.,Mg(OH)2+H3PO4(MP),Mg(OH)2+KH2PO4(MKP),MgSO4+H3PO4(MSP),MgSO4+KH2PO4(MSKP)]as additives.The control effects of N loss in different treatments were then evaluated.Compared to the control group,the emission of NH3 in MP,MKP,MSP,and MSKP treatments was reduced by 48.98%,45.95%,76.91%,and 38.65%,respectively.Meanwhile,the proportion of total N(TN)increased by 66.31%,54.42%,30.15%,and 46.50%,respectively.The fixation rates of N in the four treatments were 44.26%,41.36%,71.09%,and 33.54%,respectively.Results of XRD analysis confirmed the presence of struvite(MgNH4PO4·6H2O)in the compost product in all treatments.After 42 days of composting,all the treatments(except the MSP-treated group)reached maturity and met the criterion of NY 525—2012.Although the fixation rate of N in the MKP treatment was slightly lower than that in the MP treatment,the degradation rate of microcystin and total nutrient content in the MKP treatment were both relatively high.Such results indicate that the addition of MKP might be the best method for controlling N loss in cyanobacteria composting.

关 键 词：蓝藻 好氧堆肥 氮素损失 鸟粪石结晶 产品品质 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]