从阶层、空间、交通互动视角解读交通规划  

Discussion on Transportation Planning Through Interaction of Social Class,Space and Transportation

作　　者：郝媛[1] 王继峰[1] 于鹏[1] 徐天东 杨克青 Hao Yuan;Wang Jifeng;Yu Peng;Xu Tiandong;Yang Keqing(China Academy of Urban Planning&Design,Beijing 100037,China;Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;University of Florida,Gainesville Florida 32611-5706,USA;South China University of Technology,Guangzhou Guangdong 510641,China)

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院,北京100037 [2]上海海事大学,上海201306 [3]美国佛罗里达大学,佛罗里达州盖恩斯维尔32611-5706 [4]华南理工大学,广东广州510641

出　　处：《城市交通》2021年第1期29-38,57,共11页Urban Transport of China

基　　金：2017年中国城市规划设计研究院科技创新基金项目“阶层分异对城市交通的影响及政策研究”(C1-2017-25);住房和城乡建设部2018年科学技术项目计划“阶层分异对城市交通的影响及政策研究”(2018-R2-041);国家自然科学基金项目“考虑驾驶员动态响应行为的城市快速路群体交通诱导理论研究”(71671109);广东省软科学研究计划项目“有效利用信息科技提高城市凝聚力——构建‘城市新移民信息选择与社会认同’传播模型”(2016A070706003)。

摘　　要：现行的交通规划理论基于均质化假设,并未充分考虑社会阶层以及不同阶层在职住关系、出行自由度方面的差异。城市交通发展中日益明显的设施错配、方式错配问题反映了特定阶层的交通需求与交通供给的不匹配。首先,梳理阶层、空间、交通三因素之间的关系,三者的不协调导致了设施错配和交通贫困,反映出交通规划和管理中存在“空间弱区”和“政策弱区”。其次,结合城市综合交通调查数据,对阶层、空间分异、出行自由度、错配、交通贫困、交通弱区、政策弱区等概念内涵及指标进行解析。最后,建议在交通规划理论和实践中充分考虑阶层因素并采取针对性的措施。The existing transportation planning theory is largely based on the homogenization assumption,and does not fully consider the differences in working-resident relationship and travel diversity among different social class.In the development of urban transportation,the increasingly obvious problems of facilities mismatch and mode mismatch reflect the problems between travel demand and supply in specific classes.This paper first summarizes the relationship of social class,space and transportation.The incoordination of the three factors leads to facilities mismatch and transportation poverty,which reflects on the existence of“weak space area”and“weak policy area”in transportation planning and traffic management.Based on the data of urban comprehensive transportation survey,the paper analyzes the concept connotation and several indicators incliding social class,spatial differentiation,travel freedom,mismatch,transportation poverty,transportation weak area,and policy weak area.Finally,the paper points out that social class factors should be fully considered in transportation theory and practice and targeted measures should be taken.

关 键 词：阶层 错配 交通弱区 交通贫困 政策弱区 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]