瘤胃微生物在奶牛乳脂肪合成中的调节作用研究进展  

Research advance on the regulation of rumen microbial in milk fat synthesis of dairy cows

作　　者：吴建民[1] 王建发[1] 武瑞[1] WU Jianmin;WANG Jianfa;WU Rui(Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Cattle Diseases in Heilongjiang Province,College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing,Heilongjiang 163319,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学,动物科技学院,黑龙江省牛病防治重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163319

出　　处：《中国兽医学报》2021年第1期181-185,共5页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31402157,31772698)。

摘　　要：乳脂肪不仅是牛乳的主要成分之一,同时乳脂肪含量也是评价牛乳质量的重要指标。乳脂肪的合成涉及到日粮营养物质通过奶牛机体转化为乳营养成分的复杂生物学过程,受日粮配方、遗传背景、生理状态、瘤胃微生物等多方面的影响。瘤胃微生物可以通过自身合成的酶类对日粮进行降解,进而对乳脂肪合成前体物质的生成和利用起到一定的调节作用,乳脂肪前体物质合成不足可以引起牛乳中乳脂肪含量的降低。现主要阐述乳脂肪的合成机理以及瘤胃微生物对乳脂肪合成前体物质的影响,旨在为提高牛乳中乳脂肪含量提供思路和参考。Milk fat is one of the main components of milk,milk fat content is also an important indicator for evaluating the quality of milk.The synthesis of milk fat involves the complex biological process of converting dairy cattle?s diets nutrients into dairy nutrients through the body of the cow,and is influenced by various aspects such as diet formulation,genetic background,physiological state,and rumen microbial.Rumen microbial can ferment the dairy cattle?s diets through their enzymes,which can regulate the production and utilization of precursor substance for milk fat synthesis.Insufficient synthesis of precursor substance for milk fat synthesis can cause the milk fat content in milk to decrease.The article mainly describes the synthesis mechanism of milk fat and the influence of rumen microbial on the synthesis of precursor substance for milk fat synthesis,aiming to provide ideas and references for improving milk fat content in milk.

关 键 词：奶牛 乳脂肪 瘤胃微生物 前体物 

分 类 号：S852.2[农业科学—基础兽医学] S816[农业科学—兽医学]