苗床接种喷药施肥机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Seedbed Inoculating Spraying Fertilization Machine

作　　者：李胜奇 周涛[2] 王教义 吕华 亓振华 LI Shengqi;ZHOU Tao;WANG Jiaoyi;LV Hua;QI Zhenhua(Second Agricultural Science Institute of Ji'nan,Ji'nan Shandong 271100,China;Shandong Agricultural University,Tai'an Shandong 271018,China;Jinan Plant Protection Station,Ji'nan Shandong 271100,China;Jinan Agricultural Monitoring and Seed Technology Extension Station,Ji'nan Shandong 271100,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市第二农业科学研究院,山东济南271100 [2]山东农业大学,山东泰安271018 [3]济南市植物保护站,山东济南271100 [4]济南市农业监测与种子技术推广站,山东济南271100

出　　处：《农业工程》2020年第11期84-88,共5页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜产业创新团队项目(项目编号:SDAIT-05-22);现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助项目(项目编号:CARS-24-G-10)。

摘　　要：根据仿生学和烟草花叶病毒的摩擦接种原理,设计了以微创机构为核心的接种设备。应用电机带动800目的砂布条,由砂布条对烟苗进行摩擦微创,为避免对娇嫩的烟苗造成严重损伤,通过试验确定砂布条宽度3 mm,微创滚筒转速70 r/min。为方便烟苗的日常管理,设计了集接种、施肥和喷洒药物功能为一体的烟苗接种喷药施肥机。该接种喷药施肥机由机架、微创机构、控制系统、供药机构和行走系统组成。由基于Eclipse开发的手机APP作为上位机,STM32作为下位机,通过Bluetooth实现控制指令在上、下位机之间的传输,实现一体机喷药、施肥和接种3种功能的转换和一体机前进、转向的控制。试验表明,该苗床接种喷药施肥机达到87.3%的接种率,指标优秀。相比于生产中应用的烟草花叶病毒人工接种方式而言,该一体机实现了一机多用,突破了传统人工接种方式的限制,微创小,适应性更强,在很大程度上提高作业效率。According to principle of bionics and friction inoculation of tobacco Mosaic virus,a minimally invasive inoculating device was designed.The motor was used to drive 800 abrasive cloth strip,and abrasive cloth strip was used to perform minimally invasive friction on smoke seedling.In order to avoid serious damage to delicate smoke seedling,the width of abrasive cloth strip was determined by the test to be 3 mm,and the speed of minimally invasive roller was 70 r/min.In order to facilitate daily management of tobacco vaccine,a tobacco inoculating spraying fertilization machine was designed with functions of inoculation,fertilization and drug spraying.The inoculating spraying fertilization machine was composed of frame,minimally invasive mechanism,control system,drug supplier and walking system.The mobile phone APP developed based on Eclipse was used as upper computer and STM32 as lower computer.Transmission of control instructions between the upper and lower computer was realized via Bluetooth,and conversion of three functions of spraying,fertilization and inoculation as well as control of the advance and turn of all-in-one machine was realized.Experiment showed vaccination rate of that seedbed inoculation spraying fertilization machine reached 87.3%,and index was excellent.Compared with tobacco Mosaic virus artificial inoculation method applied in production,this all-in-one machine achieved multi-purpose,broke through limitation of traditional artificial inoculation method,was minimally invasive and more adaptable,and improved working efficiency to a great extent.

关 键 词：烟草病毒 接种 施肥 喷药 机电一体化 

分 类 号：S223.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程]