中国出口会影响进口国企业在职培训吗?——来自转型经济体的经验证据  

Does China’s Export Affect Firm-sponsored Training in Importing Countries?—Evidence from Transition Economies

作　　者：胡昭玲 聂燕峰 HU Zhaoling;NIE Yanfeng(不详)

机构地区：[1]南开大学经济学院国际经济贸易系、中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心,天津300071

出　　处：《国际商务研究》2021年第2期38-50,共13页International Business Research

基　　金：天津市教委社会科学重大项目“国际贸易新格局与天津服务贸易发展研究”(项目编号:2019JWZD38)。

摘　　要：本文利用25个转型经济体的制造业企业数据,考察了中国出口对进口国企业在职培训的影响。研究发现:来自中国的进口不仅会提高当地企业的培训概率,而且会提高生产工人和非生产工人的培训比例。采用工具变量回归解决内生性问题后,结果稳健。考察人力资本密集度的差异性发现,当行业人力资本密集度更高时,来自中国的进口对当地企业培训的影响更大。考察影响机制发现,为了应对来自中国的进口竞争,企业在鼓励创新或采用新技术时,需要提高员工的技能水平,因此会加强对员工的培训。在职培训是人力资本的重要来源,本文为中国出口效应的积极影响提供了新证据。Using manufacturing firm-level data in 25 transition economies,this paper examines the impact of China’s exports on training of firms in importing countries.We find that imports from China increase the training probability and the training ratio of production and non-production workers.After using instrumental variables to solve endogeneity problems,the results are robust.When the industry is more human capital intensive,the impact is greater.In order to cope with import competition from China,firms need to improve the skill level of employees when encouraging innovation and adoption of new technology,and firms increase the training for employees.On-the-job training is an important source of human capital,this paper provides new evidence for the positive effect of China’s export.

关 键 词：中国出口效应 进口竞争 在职培训 转型经济体 

分 类 号：F752[经济管理—国际贸易]