中国近海捕捞机动渔船航次特征数据挖掘  

Data mining of trip characteristics for offshore fishing vessels in China

作　　者：高明远 张胜茂[2] 汤先峰 樊伟[2] 范秀梅[2] 伍玉梅[2] 朱文斌[3] GAO Mingyuan;ZHANG Shengmao;TANG Xianfeng;FAN Wei;FAN Xiumei;WU Yumei;ZHU Wenbin(College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Shanghai 200090, China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Utilization of Technology Research for Fishery Resource of Zhejiang Province, Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang, Zhoushan 316021, China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,农业农村部东海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室,上海200090 [3]浙江省海洋水产研究所,浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,浙江舟山316021

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2021年第1期147-154,共8页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31772899);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0901402,2019YFD0901405);上海市自然科学基金(17ZR1439800);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2019CY0402)。

摘　　要：为加强渔船进出港管理和捕捞渔获物监管,解决信息上报中主观性大,报告信息错误、虚假报告等问题,利用北斗船位数据记录渔船出海作业的时间、位置、航速、航向等信息,通过航次特征数据挖掘,分析了港口格网、岸线点与北斗船位终端记录轨迹的空间关系,提取到2.5万余艘渔船的39.98万个航次数据,并利用船位点球面距离累加计算航程,利用船位点到岸线点距离计算平均离岸距离,分析了中国近海渔船的航次特征。结果表明:渔船出港时间集中在每日8:00—17:59,进港时间集中在每日5:00—10:59和13:00—18:59;航次特征数据受大小潮、朔望日等影响较大,可划分为1~10 d、11~15 d、16~21 d和22~30 d等航次时长段;渔船的航次时长、航程和平均离岸距离均由江苏省向北、向南降低。研究表明,利用北斗船位数据提取航次具有速度快、实时性强的特点,是渔船管理的重要信息源之一,可为渔船进出港管理提供参考。The spatial relationship among port grid,shoreline point and trip was analyzed by the data recorded by Beidou shipboard terminal through trip feature data mining the information on time,position,speed and direction of fishing vessels by 399.8 thousand trip data of more than 25000 fishing vessels in order to strengthen the management of fishing vessel entering and leaving ports and the supervision of fishing catch,and to solve the problems of subjectivity in information reporting,such as reporting information error and false report.The voyage characteristics of Chinese offshore fishing vessels were analyzed using the spherical distance summation of ship positions to calculate the voyage,and the distance from ship position points to shoreline points to calculate the average offshore distance.The results showed that the departure time was changed from 8:00 to 17:59 every day,and the arrival time from 5:00 to 10:59 and from 13:00 to 18:59 every day.The characteristic data of trip was greatly affected by the spring and autumn tide and the sun,which can be divided into 4 periods including 1-10 days,11-15 days,16-21 days and 22-30 days.The trip duration,trip length and average off shore distance of fishing vessels were decreased from Jiangsu Province towards the north and south.The finding shows that it is fast and real-time to extract the trip number by using the Beidou position data,which is one of the important information sources of fishing vessel management,and can provide reference for the management of fishing vessel entering and leaving ports.

关 键 词：渔船 航次 港口 北斗卫星导航系统 

分 类 号：S973[农业科学—捕捞与储运]