基于聚氨酯复合基材的岩质边坡客土生态修复试验研究  

An experimental study of the ecological restoration of rock slope based on polyurethane composite-based materials

作　　者：喻永祥 郝社锋[1,2] 蒋波 刘瑾[3] 李明 李伟[1,2] 宋泽卓[3] YU Yongxiang;HAO Shefeng;JIANG Bo;LIU Jin;LI Ming;LI Wei;SONG Zezhuo(Technology Innovation Center of Land(Cultivated Land)Ecological Monitoring and Restoration Project of the Ministry of Natural Resources,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210018,China;Geological Survey Institute of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210018,China;School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部国土(耕地)生态监测与修复工程技术创新中心,江苏南京210018 [2]江苏省地质调查研究院,江苏南京210018 [3]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2021年第2期174-181,共8页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：江苏省自然资源科技项目资助(KJXM2019028);自然资源部国土(耕地)生态监测与修复工程技术创新中心开放课题资助。

摘　　要：为解决目前岩质边坡客土喷播生态修复中存在的客土基材滑落、坡面表层土流失严重和植被生长差等问题,采用聚氨酯有机高分子材料与土体结合组成聚氨酯复合基材,用于边坡生态修复。通过室内试验对其强度、抗冲刷性以及影响植被生长情况进行研究,并在典型岩质边坡上进行现场试验,对聚氨酯复合基材的有效性进行验证。研究结果表明:聚氨酯有机高分子对于复合基材的强度和抗冲刷性具有显著的提升作用,随着聚氨酯有机高分子浓度增加,聚氨酯复合基材的强度增加,抗冲刷能力提高。与未添加的试样进行对比,浓度为1%聚氨酯复合基材的强度为113.63 kPa,提高幅度约为95.45%;20%浓度试样的峰值冲刷量为28.8 g,降低幅度约为71.2%。聚氨酯有机高分子可以有效促进植被种子的发芽与生长。当聚氨酯有机高分子浓度由0%提高到10%时,种子的发芽率由12%提升到68%。但当聚氨酯有机高分子浓度过大时,会对植被的发芽和生长发生抑制作用。研究结果可为岩质边坡的生态防护提供一定的参考与借鉴。In view of the problems existing in the ecological restoration of rock slope,such as the slide of the soil substrate,the serious loss of the surface soil and the poor growth of vegetation,etc.,in this paper,polyurethane organic polymer materials and soil are used to form a polyurethane composite substrate.The strength,erosion resistance and vegetation growth of the composite substrate are studied through laboratory tests.In addition,a suitable site is chosen for field test to verify the effectiveness of the polyurethane composite substrate.The specific research results show that the existence of the polyurethane organic polymer has a significant effect on the strength and anti-scour of the composite substrate,and with the increasing concentration of the polyurethane organic polymer,the strength and anti-scour of the polyurethane composite substrate also increase.Compared with the specimens not added,the strength of 1%polyurethane composite substrate is 113.63 kPa,with an increasing rate of about 95.45%.The peak scouring amount of 20%polyurethane composite substrate is 28.8 g,with a decreasing rate of about 71.2%.The polyurethane organic polymer can effectively improve the germination and growth of vegetation seeds.When the concentration of polyurethane increases from 0%to 10%,the germination rate of seeds increases from 12%to 68%.When the concentration of the polyurethane organic polymer is too high,it will inhibit the germination and growth of vegetation.The polyurethane composite substrate can effectively repair the rock slope,and the effect is significant.The research results may provide some references for the ecological protection of rock slope,and are of important theoretical and practical significance.

关 键 词：岩质边坡 聚氨酯 复合基材 客土 生态修复 

分 类 号：X141[环境科学与工程—环境科学]