五味子乙素对慢性酒精中毒大鼠海马突触超微结构的影响  

Effects of Schisandrin B on the ultrastructure of hippocampal synapses in rats with chronic alcoholism

作　　者：张丽凤 余双全 梁祚仁[1] 莫颂轶[1] 黄彦峰[1] 黎昀[1] 廖素婵 庞艳芳 黄俊杰[1] ZHANG Lifeng;YU Shuangquan;LIANG Zuoren;MO Songyi;HUANG Yanfeng;LI Yun;LIAO Suchan;PANG Yanfang;HUANG Junjie(Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities,Baise 533000,China)

机构地区：[1]右江民族医学院,广西百色533000

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2021年第2期88-92,共5页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2018GXNSFAA138113)。

摘　　要：目的探讨五味子乙素(Schisandrin B,Sch B)对慢性酒精中毒致大鼠海马突触超微结构损伤的改善作用。方法以白酒(56°北京红星二锅头)连续灌胃8周,将慢性酒精中毒模型建立成功的大鼠随机分成4个组,Sch B低、中、高剂量组用Sch B灌胃,每天1次,各组Sch B剂量分别为10、20、40 mg/kg体重,连续30 d;另选取5只每天灌胃蒸馏水,作为空白对照组。用Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠的学习记忆能力,应用透射电镜观察各组大鼠海马CA1区神经元的超微结构及测定突触结构的形态参数。结果Morris水迷宫实验结果显示,与空白对照组相比,酒精中毒模型组空间探索实验潜伏期和穿越平台次数明显改变,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与酒精中毒模型组比,Sch B低剂量组、Sch B中剂量组、Sch B高剂量组空间探索实验潜伏期均缩短,而平台穿越次数增多,以Sch B高剂量组变化明显(P<0.05)。透射电镜观察到酒精中毒模型组大鼠海马组织神经细胞水肿,细胞核肿胀,细胞器减少,线粒体明显肿胀,突触小体肿胀严重;突触间隙变宽,突触后膜致密物质不均,突触数量明显减少(P<0.05);与酒精中毒模型组比较,Sch B各剂量组神经细胞胞质丰富,细胞器增多,细胞损伤程度降低,突触小体水肿程度较低,突触间隙清晰;与酒精中毒模型组相比,Sch B低、中、高剂量组突触数量增加,突触间隙缩短,突触后致密物质增厚,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论五味子乙素可通过改变大鼠海马CA1区神经元突触超微结构,促进神经细胞突触可塑性,从而提高慢性酒精中毒大鼠学习记忆能力。Objective To investigate the effect of Schisandrin B(Sch B)on ultrastructural damage to hippocampal synapsesinduced by chronic alcoholism.Methods Rats were intragastrically administered 56°Hongxing Erguotou continuously for 8 weeksand were then randomly divided into four groups.Rats in the low-,medium-,and highdose Sch B groups were treated with Sch B by gavage once a day for 30 consecutive days,the dose of Sch B in each group was 10,20,and 40 mg/kg,respectively.A blank control group consisted of five ratsadministereddistilled water intragastrically.The Morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory ability of rats in each group.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area of rats in each group and to determine the morphological parameters of synapse structure.Results In the Morris water maze,compared with the blank control group,the incubation period of the spatial probe test and their time to cross the platform in the alcoholism group were significantly different(P<0.05).Compared with the alcoholism group,the incubation periods of the spatial probe test of the low-,medium-,and the high-dose Sch B groups were shortened,and their times to cross the platform were increased,with these results beingsignificant for the high-dose Sch B group(P<0.05).The following results were observed by transmission electron microscopy of hippocampal cells of alcoholism group rats:cellular edema,swollen cell nucleus,decreased numbers of organelles,obviously swelled mitochondria,severely swelled synaptosomes,widened synaptic space,uneven dense matter in the post-synaptic membrane and significantly decreased number of synapses(P<0.05).Compared with the alcoholism group,neurons in the Sch B groups had abundant cytoplasm,increased numbers of organelles,reduced cell damage,reduced synaptosome swelling,and clearer synaptic gaps.Compared with the alcoholism group,all Sch B groups had significantly increased numbers of synapses with shortened synaptic gaps and thi

关 键 词：五味子乙素 慢性酒精中毒 海马 突触 超微结构 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]