基于需求层次理论的教学激励机制探析  

Analysis of Teaching Incentive Mechanism Based on the Theory of Need Levels

作　　者：张东桥 易国锋[1] 周细枝[1] ZHANG Dong-qiao;YI Guo-feng;ZHOU Xi-zhi(School of Mechanical Engineering,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430068,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学机械工程学院,湖北武汉430068

出　　处：《教育教学论坛》2021年第5期153-156,共4页Education And Teaching Forum

基　　金：2015年度湖北省教育厅项目“卓越模具工程师校企协同培养实践”(省2015296);2020年度湖北工业大学“基于VR/AR技术模具专业虚拟仿真平台的搭建”。

摘　　要：随着经济的发展,大学生生活条件普遍增强,大学生对学习的认知与学习的动力都表现出严重的不足,极大的制约了以学生为中心的教学改革。该文深入学生为中心的内涵,以学生需求为路径,结合马斯洛需求层次理论和费罗姆期望理论,探讨教学激励机制;基于需求层次,分析以学生为中心的激励方法:处于生理需求层次的学生,可以引入“课堂助学金”激发学生学习动力;处于社交需求层次的学生,需通过社交对象与人际关系进行区别激励,尤其是社交对象为虚体的学生,可采用“底层揭示”知识将虚体兴趣转嫁至虚体技术的兴趣;处于尊重需求层次的学生,可采用先进的教学模式与教学手段进行激励。With the development of economy,the living conditions of college students have been generally improved.College students have shown a lack of cognition and motivation for learning,which greatly restricts the student-centered teaching reform.This paper probes into the connotation of student-centered concept,takes the needs of students as the path,combines Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory and Ferrom's expectation theory,and discusses the teaching incentive mechanism.Based on the level of needs,this paper analyzes the student-centered incentive method:students at the level of physiological needs can be stimulated by"classroom grants";students at the level of social needs can be motivated by distinguishing social objects and interpersonal relationships.In particular,students,whose social objects are virtual objects,can be helped to transfer their interest in virtual objects to virtual technology by applying the knowledge of"underlying disclosure";students at the level of respect needs can be inspired by advanced teaching models and means.

关 键 词：以学生为中心 需求 激励 

分 类 号：G641[文化科学—高等教育学]