第三人称叙事中的不可靠叙述  

Unreliable Narration in the Third-Person Narrative

作　　者：王浩[1,2] WANG Hao

机构地区：[1]云南大学大学外语教学部,云南昆明650091 [2]云南大学叙事学研究中心,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《思想战线》2021年第2期140-147,共8页Thinking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“叙事学视野中的翻译研究”阶段性成果(17BWW013)。

摘　　要：不可靠叙述研究自诞生以来一直以第一人称叙事文本为主要研究对象,但第三人称叙事文本中存在的诸多不可靠叙述现象不容忽视。韦恩·布思最初的研究同时涉及第一、三人称叙事的情况,但由于叙述者与人物存在根本差异,以“不可靠叙述者”为核心概念的研究难以从学理上涵盖第三人称叙事中的不可靠叙述。基于柏拉图对“模仿”和“讲述”的区分,把叙述归于叙述者,把可靠性或不可靠性归于人物,则无论第一还是第三人称中的不可靠叙述都是叙述者的模仿叙事使然。对第三人称叙事中的不可靠叙述现象保持敏感,有助于读者对文本进行阐释,甚至从不同的角度对第三人称叙事作品获得新的认识。Studies on unreliable narration,since its birth,have been largely focused on firstperson narratives while multiple instances of unreliable narration in first-person narratives have been too conspicuous to be left unexamined.Wayne Booth’s initial research includes cases in both first-and third-person narratives,but in view of the fundamental difference between the narrator and characters,research based on the core concept of“unreliable narrator”is unviable in its attempt to cover unreliable narration in third-person narratives.The Platonic distinction of mimesis and diegesis facilitates the attribution of narration to the narrator and(un)reliability to characters,so much so that unreliable narration in both first-and third-persona narratives is in essence the narrator’s mimetic narration.Sensibility to unreliable narration in third-person narratives could facilitate textual interpretation and,in some cases,enable renewed understanding of narrative texts from a different perspective.

关 键 词：不可靠叙述 第三人称叙事 模仿叙述 叙述者 人物 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]