青年与中老年急性心肌梗死患者心理特点及社会支持现状  

Analysis of psychological characteristics and social support status of young and middle-aged and elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction

作　　者：李君 张凯 刘敏 李蕊[1] 张媛 LI Jun;ZHANG Kai;LIU Min(Nanyang Central Hospital,Nanyang473000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省南阳市中心医院,4730001 [2]南阳市第二人民医院

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2021年第2期214-217,共4页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(编号:201703783)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨青年与中老年急性心肌梗死(AMI)心理特点及社会支持现状。方法:选取2017年12月-2018年12月收治的200例AMI患者作为研究对象,根据患者年龄分为青年组(<45岁,n=56)和中老年组(≥45岁,n=144)。比较两组一般资料及临床特点,比较两组心理特点[焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、A型行为量表]、社会支持[社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)],采用Pearson分析患者心理特点与社会支持的关系。结果:①青年组男性占比、吸烟史占比、高血脂占比、早发冠心病家族史占比较中老年组高(χ^(2)=6.196,5.466,8.544,4.079;P<0.05),中老年组高血压占比、糖尿病占比高于青年组(χ^(2)=3.888,5.957,P<0.05);②青年组SAS、A型行为量表得分高于中老年组(t=3.936,2.458;P<0.05),焦虑情绪障碍和A型性格占比高于中老年组(χ^(2)=15.286,8.005;P<0.01);中老年组SDS得分高于青年组(t=-5.078,P<0.001),抑郁情绪障碍占比高于青年组(χ^(2)=10.094,P<0.01);③青年组SSRS、PSSS得分均略高于中老年组(t=5.261,2.600;P<0.05);④Pearson相关分析法显示:SAS、SDS均与SSRS、PSSS呈负相关关系(r=-0.368,-0.390,-0.162,-0.192;P<0.05),A型性格与SSRS、PSSS关系均不显著(r=0.028,0.117;P<0.05)。结论:青年与中老年AMI患者具有不同的心理特点,青年主要表现为焦虑和A型性格,中老年主要表现为抑郁;青年患者社会支持水平略高,焦虑抑郁情绪与社会支持水平存在联系。Objective:To explore the psychological characteristics and social support status of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in young and middle-aged and elderly patients.Methods:A total of 200patients with AMI admitted between December 2017and December 2018were selected for the study.The patients were divided into young group(<45years old,n=56)and middle-aged and elderly group(≥45years old,n=144)according to the age.The general data and clinical characteristics were compared between two groups.The psychological characteristics[self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),type-A behavior scale]and social support[Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)]were compared between two groups,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between patient psychological characteristics and social support.Results:The proportions of male,smoking history,hyperlipidemia,family history of early-onset coronary heart disease in young group were higher than those in middle-aged and elderly group(χ^(2)=6.196,5.466,8.544,4.079;P<0.05),and the proportions of hypertension and diabetes in middle-aged and elderly group were higher than those in young group(χ^(2)=3.888,5.957;P<0.05).The scores of SAS and type-A behavior scale in young group were higher than those in middle-aged and elderly group(t=3.936,2.458;P<0.05),and the proportions of anxiety disorder and type-A personality were higher than those in middle-aged and elderly group(χ^(2)=15.286,8.005;P<0.05).The SDS score in middle-aged and elderly group was higher than that in young group(t=-5.078,P=0.000),and the proportion of depression disorder was higher than that in young group(χ^(2)=10.094,P<0.001).The scores of SSRS and PSSS in young group were slightly higher than those in middle-aged and elderly group(t=5.261,2.600;P<0.01).Pearson correlation analysis showed that SAS and SDS were negatively correlated with SSRS and PSSS(r=-0.368,-0.390,-0.162,-0.192;P<0.05),and the relationship between type-A personality an

关 键 词：急性心肌梗死 抑郁 心理特点 社会支持 

分 类 号：R749.92[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]