人参皂苷的定向生物转化研究进展  

Recent advances in biotransformation of ginsenosides

作　　者：赵婧 王盼[1,2,3] 刘彦楠 傅荣湛 段志广 范代娣[1,2,3] ZHAO Jing;WANG Pan;LIU Yannan;FU Rongzhan;DUAN Zhiguang;FAN Daidi(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials,School of Chemical Engineering,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering,College of Chemical Engineering,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,Shaanxi,China;Biotech.&Biomed.Reserch Institute,Northwest University,Xi’an 710069,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学化工学院陕西省可降解生物医用材料重点实验室,陕西西安710069 [2]西北大学化工学院陕西省生物材料与发酵工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710069 [3]西北大学生物医药研究院,陕西西安710069

出　　处：《化工进展》2021年第3期1238-1247,共10页Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22078264,21706211,21776227,21808184);西安市科技计划(20191422315KYPT014JC016);陕西省自然科学基金青年项目(2019JQ-259)。

摘　　要：稀有人参皂苷是人参的重要活性成分,但其含量极低或需经过肠道转化才能产生,工业生产中常通过去糖基、脱水等方法将常见人参皂苷转化为稀有人参皂苷。基于此,本文概述了人参皂苷的构效关系及常用转化方法,总结了微生物、酶法定向转化人参皂苷的最新进展,着重介绍了益生菌、食药用真菌转化人参皂苷制备功能食品,以及糖苷酶筛选和组合在提高人参总皂苷转化效率及产率等方面的研究进展;同时探讨了基因工程、溶剂工程、固定化酶等技术对人参皂苷转化效率、产率的影响,展望了蛋白质工程、合成生物学等方法在人参皂苷转化及合成方面的潜在应用价值,为稀有人参皂苷的规模化生产提供了基础。Rare ginsenosides are the most important active constituents of ginseng.However,they either contribute to an extremely low proportion of total ginsenosides or do not exist until being transformed in human intestines.Thus,this review summarizes the structure-function relationship and transformation strategies of ginsenosides,focusing on the latest progress of microbial and enzymatic transformation strategies,including transformation of ginsenosides using probiotic and edible-medicinal fungi for the production of functional food,as well as the selection and combination of glycosidases for improving transformation efficiency and productivity of total ginsenosides.It also discusses in depth the effects of genetic engineering,solvent engineering and enzyme immobilization on the transformation efficiency and productivity,and analyzes the potential application value of protein engineering and synthetic biology in improving the catalytic activities and paving the way for large-scale production of rare ginsenosides.

关 键 词：人参皂苷 生物转化 微生物催化 酶催化 离子液体 

分 类 号：TQ469[化学工程—制药化工]