日本全面侵华前夕对华态度新探  

New Study on Japanese Attitude Toward China Before Marco Polo Bridge Incident

作　　者：鹿锡俊[1] Lu Xijun

机构地区：[1]日本大东文化大学国际关系学部,东京175-8571

出　　处：《历史研究》2020年第6期93-117,M0005,M0006,共27页Historical Research

摘　　要：1936年8月后,日本先后推出《国策基准》《帝国外交方针》和《对华实行策》《第二次处理华北纲要》,构成日本发动全面侵华战争的政策基础。中国绥远抗战的胜利和西安事变的和平解决,鼓舞了民众情绪,凝聚了民族情感,中国的合作御侮局面步入新阶段。日本为挽回强硬分裂华北图谋失败后的不利局面,分化中苏关系,在军部主导下,开始“重新认识中国”,并浮现出以“佐藤外交”为代表的对华“新政策”。但“新政策”并未改变日本军政界长期以来对华侵略的根本观念,在与中国进行有限接触后,日本即开始从“新政策”退步,停止调整对华邦交。尽管国民政府持续推进与日本的和平对话,日本却打着“惩罚”国民政府的旗号加快侵略步伐,进而发动全面侵华战争。After August,1936,Japan successively issued National Policy Benchmarks,Imperial Foreign Policies,Measures Taken to China,and Guidelines for the Second Actions Toward the North China,working together to serve as policy foundation for Japan to launch the overall invasion in China.,China’s victory of Suiyuan Campaign as well as the peaceful resolution of the Xi’an Incident had encouraged the public and achieved emotional cohesion,leading to a new stage in which China began to fight against Japanese insults.To change an unfavorable situation where Japan failed to toughly divide the North China,Japan acted to destroy the Sino-Soviet relation,“restarted to know China”under military dominance,and toward China implemented“new policies”represented by“Sato diplomacy”.However,the“new policies”failed to change the basic thought of invading China rooted in Japanese military and political circles,and after limited contact with China,it began to retreat from“new policies”and adjust its foreign policies intended for China.Despite a fact that the National Government continued to promote peaceful dialogues with Japan,the opposite accelerated its invasion in the name of“punishing”China,further launching all-out war of aggression against China.

关 键 词：日本 佐藤外交 全面侵华 国民政府 抗日战争 

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