船用大型压气机质量流量分区域建模方法  

Zonal modeling method for mass flow of large-scale marine compressor

作　　者：沈浩生[1] 张均东[1] 杨柏丞[2] 贾宝柱 甘辉兵[1] SHEN Hao-sheng;ZHANG Jun-dong;YANG Bai-cheng;JIA Bao-zhu;GAN Hui-bing(Marine Engineering College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China;Navigation College,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,Liaoning,China;Maritime College,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学轮机工程学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连116026 [3]广东海洋大学海运学院,广东湛江524088

出　　处：《交通运输工程学报》2020年第6期180-196,共17页Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52071090,51479017);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201602071);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(3132019315)。

摘　　要：针对查表法外推能力不可靠以及采用单一曲线拟合法时在压气机不同工作区域的预测与外推精度不一致的问题,提出了一种船用大型压气机质量流量分区域建模方法;通过定义区域划分函数,将压气机整个工作区域划分为设计工况区、低转速区、高转速区与低压比区,通过对比与分析经典的和近年提出的压气机质量流量数学模型的预测和外推精度,为每个区域选择精度最高的数学模型;为防止在动态仿真过程中当压气机运行点由其他区进入低压比区时可能出现的不连续间断点,应用一种曲线融合方法来保证等转速线的平滑过渡;为验证所提出的建模方法的正确性与有效性,将其应用于一台船用大型低速二冲程柴油机仿真模型中开展稳态与瞬态仿真试验。研究结果表明:相比查表法,提出的建模方法可有效提升主机仿真模型增压器转速的稳态预测精度,平均绝对百分误差由3.54%下降至0.61%,在改变主机转速与负载这2种瞬态工况下,压气机的运行点可平稳、连续地由设计工况区过渡至非设计工况区;提出的建模方法既能准确预测压气机设计工况区内的已有样本数据点,又能合理、稳健地外推至非设计工况区,既可直接应用于涡轮增压发动机的动态仿真研究中,也可用于离线生成压气机在全工况范围内的性能图谱,进而应用于商业发动机性能仿真软件中。To address the problems of unreliability of extrapolation when using a look-up table and inconsistent accuracy in prediction and extrapolation when using a single curve-fitting method in different operating zones of a compressor, a zonal modeling method was proposed for the mass flow of a large-scale marine compressor. After a zone division function was defined, the entire operating area of compressor was divided into the design, low-speed, high-speed, and low-pressure ratio zones. Following a comparison and analysis of the accuracies of prediction and extrapolation with the classical and proposed compressor mass flow models, a mathematical model with the highest accuracy was selected for each zone. A curve blending method was adopted to guarantee a smooth transition of the iso-speed line to prevent the possible discontinuity when the operating point enters the low pressure ratio zone from other operating zones during the dynamic simulation process. To validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed modeling method, it was applied to the simulation experiment of a large-scale low-speed two-stroke marine diesel engine model conducted under steady and transient operating conditions. Research result shows that compared with the look-up table method, the proposed modeling method can effectively improve the steady-state prediction accuracy of turbocharger rotational speed for the main engine simulation model, while reducing the mean absolute percentage error from 3.54% to 0.61%. The operating point of compressor can transition steadily and continuously from the design operating zone to the non-design operating zones under the transient operating condition when the speed and load of main engine change. The proposed modeling method not only accurately predicts the existing sample data points in the design operating zone of compressor, it also reasonably and robustly extrapolates the data to the non-design operating zones. The method can be applied directly to dynamic simulation research of turbocharged engine

关 键 词：轮机工程 船用大型压气机 质量流量模型 分区域建模 非设计工况区域外推 融合算法 

分 类 号：U664.121.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]