半闭环数控机床几何与热复合的定位误差建模与补偿  

Modeling and Compensation of Geometric and Thermally Induced Positioning Error for Semi-closed-loop-control CNC Machine Tools

作　　者：李慧敏[1] 邓铭 刘璞凌[1] 冯晓冰 杜正春[1] LI Huimin;DENG Ming;LIU Puling;FENG Xiaobing;DU Zhengchun(School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《机械设计与研究》2021年第1期123-128,共6页Machine Design And Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2018YFB1701204)。

摘　　要：数控机床在提升国家制造业水平中有着至关重要的作用,提高数控机床定位精度是一个关键性的问题。针对半闭环控制的数控系统,提出了几何与热复合的定位误差建模与补偿方法。首先对丝杠螺母进行了热特性分析。然后采用了三次样条插值对静态定位误差建模;基于温度传感器实时温度数据,建立了热误差模型;将二者相结合,建立了几何与热复合的定位误差模型。最后在半闭环控制的立式加工中心上进行误差实时补偿试验,在测量工况下,补偿后数控机床的定位精度提高了85%以上,验证了半闭环控制系统几何与热复合的定位误差建模以及误差实时补偿的有效性。CNC machine tools play an important role in improving the national manufacturing level.And improving the positioning accuracy of CNC machine tools is of great significance.Aiming at the semi-closed-loop-control CNC machine tools,a geometric and thermally induced positioning error modeling and compensation method is proposed.First,the thermal characteristics of screw system are analyzed.Then,the static positioning error is modeled by cubic spline interpolation,the thermal error is modeled based on the real-time temperature data,and the model of thermally induced positioning error is established by combining the geometric error and the thermal error.Finally,the real-time error compensation test is carried out on the semi-closed-loop-control vertical machine tool.After compensation,the positioning accuracy was improved by more than 85%under the measuring condition,which verifies the effectiveness of geometric and thermally induced positioning error modeling and compensation method for semi-closed-loop-control CNC machine tools.

关 键 词：数控机床 半闭环控制 热特性分析 误差建模 误差补偿 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]