中山站前沿固定冰破冰方案及船舶操纵方法  

The Analysis of Ice-breaking Plan and Ship Maneuering in Fast Ice Near the Zhongshan Station

作　　者：赵炎平 张旭德 周建文[2] ZHAO Yanping;ZHANG Xude;ZHOU Jianwen(Polar Research Institute of China,Shanghai,200136,China;Navigation College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国极地研究中心,上海200136 [2]集美大学航海学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》2021年第1期29-36,共8页Journal of Jimei University：Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目资助(51579114)。

摘　　要：为了向“雪龙号”提供一条可行的卸货用航行水道,中国第一艘自主建造的破冰船“雪龙2号”急需在南极大陆的中山站前沿复杂的固定冰中制订一条破冰路线。在“雪龙号”过去多年积累数据和经验基础之上,通过详细分析破冰水域的航行环境、固定冰区当年冰情、最新气象辅助资料以及可用的先进设备,制订一条破冰计划路线。采用首尾破冰、进退速度控制、预留距离控制以及操纵船舶辅助破冰等方法,顺利完成破冰开路任务。实际破冰结果证明,计划路线既绕开了危险的冰裂缝和冰山,也为“雪龙号”节省大量的卸货时间。总结“雪龙2号“在固定冰中的破冰能力,指出相应的困难和急需解决的问题;为我国破冰船在极区常态化航行、冰区航行的船舶驾驶员、按极地规则要求进行的冰区航行培训以及相应的业务模拟提供参考。In order to provide the“XUELONG”with a possible channel to discharge cargo in complex fastice-covered water near ZHONGSHAN station in the Antarctic continent,the ice-breaker“XUELONG 2”built by China in dependently is in an urgent need for an ice-breaking route.Based on the data and experience accumulated over the years,the author and team members analyzed in detail the navigation environment,fast ice-covered water condition,the latest meteorological auxiliary materials and advanced equipment available on board,and made an ice-breaking plan route.After“XUELONG 2”finished ice-breaking,it was proved that the plan route can save much discharging time and avoid the ice crevasses,iceberg etc.The special Ice-Breaking method was adopted for forward and aft-ward performance,control of speed,safe distance for ramming ice during the whole ice breaking,as well as the method of ship maneuvering to help breaking fast-ice smoothly.Some Some difficulties and problems needed to resolve are listed.This paper provides reference for deck officers on Chinese icebreakers and merchant ships navigating in ice-covered waters or polar waters,and for the training of navigation and the corresponding operation simulation according to the polar code.

关 键 词：雪龙2号 中山站 固定冰 冰区航行 

分 类 号：U675.5+7[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]