《中华人民共和国清洁生产促进法》实施中存在的问题及完善途径  

Problems in the implementation of China Cleaner Production Promotion Law and the improvement approaches

作　　者：杨奕 智静[1] 李艳萍[1] 张昕 赵亚洲 张青玲 YANG Yi;ZHI Jing;LI Yanping;ZHANG Xin;ZHAO Yazhou;ZHANG Qingling(Center of Clean Production and Circular Economy, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院清洁生产与循环经济研究中心

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2021年第2期378-384,共7页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0214401,2016YFC0209206)。

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国清洁生产促进法》是全球第一部清洁生产专门法律,实施17年来对我国清洁生产推进起到了重要的引导和规范作用。现阶段,绿色发展和环境管理对清洁生产提出了更高的要求,《中华人民共和国清洁生产促进法》在清洁生产定义、清洁生产审核制度、激励措施等方面存在的缺陷逐渐凸显。基于全过程控制角度,分析狭义清洁生产定义对于清洁生产理念推广和技术研发产生的不良影响,针对强制性清洁生产审核制度不符合现阶段环境管理目标、激励措施无法有效发挥引导作用等问题,提出完善的具体路径,包括强化全过程控制理念;取消强制性清洁生产审核范围,以减量排放为审核目标,明确验收程序常态化;加强对清洁生产审核机构业务指导;建立清洁生产区域协同推进机制;通过明确实施清洁生产取得显著资源环境与经济效益企业的税收优惠和金融信贷支持,以及简化环评手续、树立标杆企业等完善清洁生产激励措施。China Cleaner Production Promotion Law is the world's first special law for cleaner production,which has played an important role in guiding and regulating cleaner production in China for 17 years of implementation.In current stage,the green development and environmental management in China put forward many more requests to cleaner production.However,the defects of the law become increasingly obvious,such as the definition of cleaner production,cleaner production audit system and the incentive measures.In view of the whole-process control,the adverse effect on promoting the idea of cleaner production and the technology development that brought by the narrow definition was analyzed.Aiming at the problems that the mandatory cleaner production audit system did not meet the current environmental management objectives and the incentive measures could not effectively play a guiding role,suggestions on improvement approaches were put forward,including strengthening the whole-process control idea,cancelling the scope of mandatory cleaner production audit and targeting cleaner production audit at emissions reduction,clarifying the normalization of the acceptance procedures,strengthening the business guidance for cleaner production audit institutions,and establishing coordinated propulsion mechanism of regional cleaner production.Some cleaner production incentive measures were also suggested,including the implementation of tax preferences and financial credit support for enterprises that achieved significant resources,environment and economic benefits through cleaner production,and the simplification of the procedures of environmental impact assessment,and the setting-up of model enterprises.

关 键 词：清洁生产 全过程控制 修订 清洁生产审核 

分 类 号：X197[环境科学与工程—环境科学]