欧盟开放科学战略生态体系建设及其特征分析  

Study on the Ecosystem and Characteristics of EU Open Science Strategy

作　　者：张娟[1] ZHANG Juan(Chengdu Library and Information Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院成都文献情报中心,成都610041

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2021年第1期64-76,共13页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：中国科学院文献情报能力建设专项“数据与计算平台领域战略情报研究服务体系子课题”(E0290001)。

摘　　要：随着全球化趋势和大数据时代的来临,开放科学趁势而兴。开放科学代表了一种全新的科学研究范式,依赖于建立在数字化技术和新型协作工具上的协作型研究和新的知识传播方式,影响着整个科研生命周期,科研合作、知识共享、科学组织及科研评估的方式也随之而变。欧盟立足长远,率先制定了开放科学战略,架构了一个布局全面、协作互动的开放科学生态体系。本文探讨了欧盟开放科学战略的整体布局及相应的生态体系建设,重点分析了以欧洲开放科学云为首的几个代表性项目以及欧盟开放科学战略的特征。研究发现,欧盟的开放科学战略十分重视顶层设计和统筹协调,通过先导性项目和示范性项目以点带面,治理上采取多利益相关方共同参与的方式,同时十分注重公众咨询和专家建议。Open science has emerged along with the trend of globalization and advent of big data. Open Science represents a new paradigm to the scientific process based on cooperative work and new ways of diffusing knowledge by using digital technologies and new collaborative tools,exerting a profound impact on the entire research cycle. The way of research cooperation,knowledge sharing,research evaluation and organization mode of research has also changed. Taking a long-term perspective,EU acted as a pioneer in developing a pan-European open science strategy,constructing a comprehensive,coherent,interactive and collaborative ecosystem for open science. The article discusses the overall layout and the corresponding ecosystem development of EU’s open science strategy,especially focusing on a few representative projects led by European Open Science Cloud,and then analyzes the characteristics of this strategy. The EU’s open science strategy attaches great importance to top-down design and coordination as a whole,and expands the efforts to every aspects of open science by carrying out the pilot projects. It adopts a multi-stakeholder-governed approach,and takes the public consultation and expert advice seriously.

关 键 词：开放科学 开放数据 开放存取 知识共享 科研范式 

分 类 号：G325[文化科学]