有界/无界:形容词描写与评价功能的认知识解  

Bounded/Unbounded:Cognitive Construal of the Descriptive and Evaluative Functions of Adjectives

作　　者：成军[1] CHENG Jun

机构地区：[1]西南大学外国语学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第2期192-203,230,共13页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目“信息论视域下的标题学研究”(2019YBYY132),项目负责人:成军;教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目“类型学视野下英汉类指句的对比研究”(19YJC740009),项目负责人:付正玲。

摘　　要：一直以来,现代汉语语法研究对形容词都有着性质形容词与状态形容词的功能区分。以形容词“好”为个案,在对其形态、概念语义进行系统刻画的基础上,可以对形容词做出一种新的功能区分。从交际功能角度区分形容词的两个截然不同的概念表达功能——描述功能与评价功能,其中描述功能大体涵盖形容词对事物性质与状态两方面的客观表达,而评价功能则让形容词表达对事物的主观性价值评判成为可能。形容词的这两种功能区分,可从有界/无界的认知识解角度得到动因解释。通过分析“好”这一个案揭示语言形式与意义、功能以及认知之间相互影响、相互制约的复杂性关系,对现代汉语形容词的功能分类有着新的启示。For a long time,there has been a functional distinction between property adjectives and state adjectives in modern Chinese grammar research.Taking the word“hao”(good)as a case,we make a new functional distinction for adjectives on the basis of the systematic description of its form and conceptual meaning.From the perspective of communicative function,two distinct conceptual expression functions of adjectives--descriptive function and evaluative function are distinguished.The descriptive function mainly covers the objective expression of the property or state of an object by adjectives,while the evaluative function makes it possible for adjectives to express the subjective value judgement of an object.The two functional distinctions of adjectives can be explained from the perspective of bounded/unbounded cognitive construal.By analyzing the Chinese adjective“hao”,the paper reveals the complex relationship between linguistic form,meaning,function and cognition,which influences and restricts each other,and provides new enlightenment for the functional classification of modern Chinese adjectives.

关 键 词：有界/无界 形容词 描写功能 评价功能 认知识解 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]