机械复制时代的怪谈--《午夜凶铃》的科技恐惧及传媒批判  

The Kaidan in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction:the Technophobia and Media Critics in Ring

作　　者：张引丰 ZHANG Yinfeng(Department of Literature,Beijing Film Academy,Beijing,China,100088)

机构地区：[1]北京电影学院文学系,北京100088

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2021年第1期109-118,124,共11页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：20世纪90年代以来,在恐怖类型的叙事电影作品中最广为人知、最深入人心,同时也是被误读或仅被浮泛解读最多的作品,当属制作于1998年由中田秀夫所导演的日本恐怖电影《午夜凶铃》,它的出现几乎重新定义了自20世纪末以来关于恐怖叙事的相关文法及语汇,成为了大众文化话语中对于恐怖电影的某种符号化的存在。它既是对于有着悠久历史的日本“怪谈”叙事传统的转进及改写,也是对于既往恐怖类型尤其是东亚恐怖电影的叙事语汇的某种突破及革新,其成果及影响则绵延并渗透至包括美国恐怖电影在内的恐怖叙事体系之中,甚至衍生出某种“凶铃”亚文化。《午夜凶铃》的创意源自出版于20世纪80年代末的日本科幻推理系列小说《环界》四部曲的首部作品《铃》(The Ring),原作是融合了遗传学、解剖学、密码学、民俗学及分子科学等线索信息的科幻佳作。一部有着扎实严密的科学底本,以科幻推理见长的小说经由电影化的改编,最终所呈现的形态却成为了一部超自然的灵异作品;并且在惊骇的表层之下,还融汇了当代传媒对于社会及个体的恶质化渗透影响这一严肃潜层命题,其中所透露出的创作脉络和构思肌理颇值得探究。Since the 1990s,the most widely known,the most deeply understood,and the most misinterpreted horror film is The Japanese horror film Ring produced in 1998 and directed by Hideo Nakata.This film has almost redefined the grammar and vocabulary of narrative in the horror genre since the end of the last century,and it has become a symbol of horror films in popular culture.On the one hand,Ring has rewritten and enriched the narrative elements in Kaidan,a historical narrative tradition of Japan;on the other hand,Ring has also innovated the narrative vocabulary in horror film genre,especially that in East Asia.The achievements and influences of Ring have penetrated into the horror film narrative system,including American horror films,and even derived a specific“Ring”subculture.Ring was adapted from a Japanese science-fiction novel series published at the end of 1980s,which is a great science-fiction work merged genetics,anatomy,cryptography,folklore,and molecular science.Based on a novel with a solid scientific basis and exquisite foundation of logical inference,after adaption,Ring turns out to be a supernatural work,under its surface of horror,with the underlying serious discussion of media’s negative influence on society and the individuals integrated,and thus Ring has revealed its unique creativity context and the way of conception that worth exploring.

关 键 词：怪谈 恐怖叙事 传媒批判 科技恐惧 

分 类 号：I06[文学—文学理论]