工业含氨污染处理技术的经济价值分析  

Economic analysis of industrial ammonia pollution abatement in different forms.

作　　者：张笛 曹宏斌[1,2] 赵月红 赵赫[1] 刘晨明[1] 郭少华[1] ZHANG Di;CAO Hong-bin;ZHAO Yue-hong;ZHAO He;LIU Chen-ming;GUO Shao-hua(Beijing Engineering Research Center of Process Pollution Control,Institute of Process Engineering,Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院,中国科学院过程工程研究所,北京市过程污染控制工程技术研究中心,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2021年第3期1474-1479,共6页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFB0403300,2017YFB0403305)。

摘　　要：揭示了氨污染处理的成本效益,提出氨作为废物与资源的临界点浓度与氨的经济价值模型,并探讨了不同形态及介质中氨污染处理技术的成本差异.结果表明,在废水中氨氮浓度接近于10%时,通过资源化利用基本能够达到净现值为0,即收支平衡.相同进水浓度时,氨氮在碱性条件下单位处理成本最低,为0.19~0.41元/kg NH3,在离子态、重金属及有机物络合形态下,会分别增加2、8及13倍左右的单位处理成本.在气态介质中,氨的处理成本约为-0.5~6元/kg NH3,但实际工艺中加热浓缩等过程会进一步增加成本.含氨污染在实际工艺中多为气态、液态以及与其他杂质共存状态,存在污染的跨介质转移风险.今后应进行全过程统筹,实现含氨污染处理经济成本最小化的同时,降低环境风险.In this research,the cost-effectiveness of ammonia treatment technologies in different species and media were revealed.A cost-benefit modelling methodology was developed to discuss the main parameters that affect the operating cost of various ammonia treatment technologies.The results showed that the critical concentration between resources-recovery and wastes-treatment of ammonia is 10%,i.e.the benefits of ammonia utilization can offset the cost of operation in this concentration.In the liquid medium,the operating cost of ammonia utilization can be as low as 0.19~0.41 Yuan/kg NH3 under alkaline condition,while it would increase by 2,8 and 13 times respectively in the ionic forms,complex forms of heavy metal and complex forms of organic compounds respectively.In the gaseous medium,the operating cost of ammonia waste gas treatment was about-0.5~6 Yuan/kg NH3 among the eight commonly used techniques,and it would increase with the additional heating and concentration process in practical projects.What’s more,the multi-media transfer of ammonia contamination was a risk factor in the actual processing.In the future,the whole-process pollution control(WPPC)should be applied to coordinate control the ammonia pollution with multiple media,so as to minimize the economic cost and environmental risk.

关 键 词：含氨污染 成本 资源价值模型 介质 形态 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]