老年恶性肿瘤住院患者常见慢性疾病共病特点分析  

Analysis of comorbidity characteristics of elderly inpatients with malignant tumors

作　　者：宋鹏[1] 刘淼[2] 王亚斌[3] 车贺宾 曹丰[5] 范利[5] 张东[1] Song Peng;Liu Miao;Wang Yabin(Oncology Department of Second Medical Center,National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics Diseases,Chinese PLA General Hospital,Beijing,100853,China)

机构地区：[1]解放军总医院第二医学中心肿瘤科,国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心,北京100853 [2]解放军总医院研究生院统计学与流行病学教研室 [3]解放军总医院第二医学中心心内科,国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心 [4]解放军总医院大数据中心 [5]解放军总医院第二医学中心,国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心

出　　处：《中华保健医学杂志》2021年第1期68-71,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine

基　　金：解放军总医院第二医学中心保健专项科研课题(NLBJ-2019002)。

摘　　要：目的分析解放军总医院老年恶性肿瘤住院患者共病特点,为老年恶性肿瘤的防治提供依据。方法利用解放军总医院2009~2017年住院病历数据库,对符合条件的36015名65岁及以上老年肿瘤住院患者的共病种类及分布进行分析。结果恶性肿瘤患者平均共病数量为1.73种,前5位共病分别为高血压(26.6%)、2型糖尿病(13.1%)、缺血性心脏病(7.8%)、脂肪肝(6.8%)、慢性病毒性肝炎(6.1%)。不同性别比较,高血压、2型糖尿病、缺血性心脏病、脂肪肝、慢性病毒性肝炎等在男性和女性老年恶性肿瘤住院人群中的患病百分比均较高。前列腺增生、肾和输尿管的其他疾病等在男性人群中的顺位较高,胆道疾病、胆石症等在女性人群中的顺位较高。肝和胆管恶性肿瘤患者的共病百分比较高,共有7种共病的百分比超过10%。食管恶性肿瘤患者的共病百分比较低,仅有两种共病的百分比超过10%。支气管和肺恶性肿瘤的共病中,肺成像诊断中的异常发现(23.4%)、其他呼吸性疾患(15.5%)、其他胸膜情况(9.1%)、肺炎(8.3%)等肺部相关疾病的顺位较高。肝和胆管恶性肿瘤的共病中,肝纤维化和病变(50.9%)、慢性病毒性肝炎(50.1%)两种共病的百分比均超过了50%。泌尿系统恶性肿瘤中,前列腺增生的共病顺位较高。结论高血压、糖尿病、缺血性心脏病等心血管代谢疾病的共病顺位较高,不同性别、不同恶性肿瘤种类,其共病数量和种类各有不同,应针对性开展防治。Objective To analyze the comorbidity characteristics of elderly hospitalized patients with malignant tumors,and to provide evidence for better treatment.Methods Distribution characteristics of comorbidities among 36 015 elderly hospitalized patients with malignant tumors aged 65 years and over were analyzed based on the database of a third-class hospital in Beijing from2009 to 2017.Results The average kind of comorbidity in patients with malignant tumors was 1.73.The top five common kinds of comorbidity were hypertension(26.6%),type 2 diabetes mellitus(13.1%),ischemic heart disease(7.8%),fatty liver(6.8%)and chronic viral hepatitis(6.1%).For different genders,benign prostatic hyperplasia,kidney and ureteral diseases ranked higher in male population,while biliary diseases and cholelithiasis ranked higher in female population.The comorbidity rate among liver and bile duct malignant tumors was higher,more than 7 kinds of comorbidity had a prevalence of more than 10%.The comorbidity rate of esophageal malignant tumors was low,with only two co-morbidities exceeding 10% of prevalence.For different types of malignant tumors,abnormal findings in lung imaging diagnosis(23.4%),other respiratory diseases(15.5%),other pleural conditions(9.1%),pneumonia(8.3%)and other pulmonary-related diseases were more frequent among bronchial and pulmonary malignant tumors.Hepatic fibrosis and pathological changes(50.9%),chronic viral hepatitis(50.1%)were more frequent among liver and bile duct malignant tumors.Benign prostatic hyperplasia were more frequent among malignant tumors of urinary system. Conclusion Based on t he analysis of 36 015 elderly patients with malignant tumors in Chinese PLA General Hospital,the most common kinds of comorbidity are hypertension,diabetes mellitus and ischemic heart disease.The number and types of comorbidities varied with gender and type of malignant tumors,specific prevention and treatment will be carried out accordingly.

关 键 词：恶性肿瘤 老年人 共病 

分 类 号：R730[医药卫生—肿瘤]